A nurse is assessing a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Hyperpigmentation

Weight loss

Hypotension

Diaphoresis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Hyperpigmentation: This can occur due to increased production of melanin-stimulating hormones in some cases of Cushing's syndrome.

B. Weight loss: Weight loss is not a common feature of Cushing's syndrome. Instead, it usually presents with weight gain, particularly in the trunk and face (leading to "moon face" and "buffalo hump").

C. Hypotension: Hypotension is more common in Addison's disease due to the lack of cortisol and aldosterone. Cushing's syndrome is associated with hypertension due to excess cortisol increasing blood pressure.

D. Diaphoresis: Excessive sweating is not a common symptom of Cushing's syndrome.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Genetics: Genetics is a non-modifiable risk factor for stroke, meaning it cannot be changed or controlled. A family history of stroke increases an individual's risk due to inherited traits or predispositions.

B. Obesity: Obesity is a modifiable risk factor. Individuals can reduce their risk through diet, exercise, and other lifestyle changes.

C. History of smoking: Smoking is a modifiable risk factor, as individuals can quit smoking to reduce their risk of stroke.

D. History of hypertension: Hypertension is also a modifiable risk factor, as it can be managed and controlled with medication and lifestyle changes.

A. "Your blood sugar is very unstable." B. "Your blood sugar is too high after meals." C. "Your average blood sugar is high." D. "You have many dangerously low blood sugar levels."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "Your blood sugar is very unstable." While high HbA1C levels can indicate poor glucose control, they do not specifically indicate instability in blood sugar levels (i.e., frequent fluctuations between high and low levels). HbA1C does not capture short-term variations in blood glucose; it only provides an average over a few months.

B. "Your blood sugar is too high after meals." Although postprandial (after-meal) glucose levels contribute to overall blood glucose levels, HbA1C measures the average blood glucose level over several months and is not specific to postprandial glucose levels. A high HbA1C suggests elevated glucose levels overall, not just after meals.

C. "Your average blood sugar is high." HbA1C measures the average blood sugar level over an extended period, typically 2-3 months. A result of 9% indicates that the client's average blood glucose levels have been consistently high, suggesting poor long-term glucose control. This is a precise and appropriate statement reflecting the meaning of the HbA1C result.

D. "You have many dangerously low blood sugar levels." A high HbA1C indicates elevated blood glucose levels over time, not low levels. Low blood sugar levels (hypoglycemia) would not contribute to a high HbA1C. In fact, frequent hypoglycemia would more likely result in a lower HbA1C, not a higher one.

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A nurse is assessing a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Explanation

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