A nurse is assessing a client who has COPD. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Weight gain

Decrease in anteroposterior diameter of the chest

HCO3 24 mEq/L

pH 7.31

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

pH 7.31

Rationale:

A - This is incorrect because weight gain is not expected in clients who have COPD, as they often have difficulty eating and digesting food due to dyspnea and fatigue.

B - This is incorrect because a decrease in anteroposterior diameter of the chest is not typical of COPD, as the condition causes hyperinflation and air trapping in the lungs, leading to an increase in chest size and a barrel-shaped appearance.

C - This is incorrect because HCO3 24 mEq/L is within the normal range for blood bicarbonate levels, which are 22 to 26 mEq/L. Clients who have COPD often have chronic respiratory acidosis, which stimulates the kidneys to retain bicarbonate and increase its levels in the blood to compensate for the low pH.

D - This is correct because pH 7.31 indicates acidosis, which is common in clients who have COPD due to impaired gas exchange and accumulation of carbon dioxide in the blood.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Hospice

Hospice care includes bereavement support for the family for up to a year after the client's death.

- B is incorrect because the hospice nurse does not administer pain medication, but rather teaches the family how to manage the client's pain at home.

- C is incorrect because respite care is one of the services that hospice provides to allow the family to take a break from caregiving.

- D is incorrect because hospice care does not aim to prolong life, but rather to provide comfort and quality of life for the client and the family.

A. "Use a product with DEET on your skin and clothes when you are walking in a wooded area.” B. "Symptoms of Lyme disease appear 2 days after being bitten by an infected tick.” C. "Remove embedded ticks by squeezing the body with tweezers.” D. "If bitten by a tick, testing for Lyme disease should occur within 2 weeks.”

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

The nurse should include the statement, "Use a product with DEET on your skin and clothes when you are walking in a wooded area," in the educational program on Lyme disease. DEET is a widely used insect repellent effective against ticks. It is recommended to prevent tick bites in wooded and grassy areas. The rationale behind this choice is to educate the public about practical measures to reduce the risk of Lyme disease. DEET repels ticks, reducing the chances of tick attachment and, consequently, the transmission of Lyme disease.

Choice B rationale:

The statement, "Symptoms of Lyme disease appear 2 days after being bitten by an infected tick," is incorrect. The incubation period for Lyme disease can vary from 3 to 30 days after the tick bite. Symptoms usually appear within 3 to 14 days but can take longer to manifest. Providing inaccurate information can lead to misunderstanding and inadequate preventive measures.

Choice C rationale:

The statement, "Remove embedded ticks by squeezing the body with tweezers," is incorrect. Improper removal of ticks, such as squeezing the body, can lead to the injection of tick fluids into the host, increasing the risk of disease transmission. The correct method for tick removal is to use fine-tipped tweezers to grasp the tick as close to the skin's surface as possible and pull upward with steady, even pressure. This helps ensure the tick is removed entirely and reduces the risk of infection.

Choice D rationale:

The statement, "If bitten by a tick, testing for Lyme disease should occur within 2 weeks," is incorrect. Testing for Lyme disease immediately after a tick bite is not recommended because it takes time for the body to produce antibodies detectable by the tests. Testing too early can yield false-negative results. Healthcare providers may recommend testing if symptoms develop, but waiting for a few weeks after the bite increases the accuracy of the test results.

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A nurse is assessing a client who has COPD. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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