A nurse is assessing a client who has COPD. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Weight gain

Decrease in anteroposterior diameter of the chest

HCO3 24 mEq/L

pH 7.31

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

pH 7.31

Rationale:

A - This is incorrect because weight gain is not expected in clients who have COPD, as they often have difficulty eating and digesting food due to dyspnea and fatigue.

B - This is incorrect because a decrease in anteroposterior diameter of the chest is not typical of COPD, as the condition causes hyperinflation and air trapping in the lungs, leading to an increase in chest size and a barrel-shaped appearance.

C - This is incorrect because HCO3 24 mEq/L is within the normal range for blood bicarbonate levels, which are 22 to 26 mEq/L. Clients who have COPD often have chronic respiratory acidosis, which stimulates the kidneys to retain bicarbonate and increase its levels in the blood to compensate for the low pH.

D - This is correct because pH 7.31 indicates acidosis, which is common in clients who have COPD due to impaired gas exchange and accumulation of carbon dioxide in the blood.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A is incorrect because the client should stand with their feet together, not 1 foot apart, for the Romberg test.

B is incorrect because the client should hold their arms at their sides, not on their hips, for the Romberg test.

C is incorrect because the nurse should stand close to the client, not across the room, to prevent injury in case of a fall.

D is correct because the Romberg test involves checking the client's balance with their eyes open and then with their eyes closed.

A. Providing postmortem care for a client who has recently died. B. Performing a simple dressing change on a client's foot. C. Washing hands with alcohol-based hand rub after bathing a client who has Clostridium difficile. D. Emptying an indwelling urinary catheter bag for a client while wearing clean gloves.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Providing postmortem care for a client who has recently died does not require immediate intervention by the charge nurse, as it is a standard nursing responsibility to provide postmortem care with dignity and respect to the deceased client. The AP can proceed with this task independently.

Choice B rationale:

Performing a simple dressing change on a client's foot is within the scope of practice for an assistive personnel (AP) and does not require immediate intervention by the charge nurse, assuming the AP is competent and trained to perform this task.

Choice C rationale:

Washing hands with alcohol-based hand rub after bathing a client who has Clostridium difficile is not sufficient. Alcohol is not effective against C. Difficile spores.

Choice D rationale:

Clean gloves are sufficient for this task, as they do provide adequate protection against the transmission of infections.

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A nurse is assessing a client who has COPD. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

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