A nurse is admitting an older adult from Mumbai, India who is visiting family members in the US. Which of the following would be most appropriate for the nurse to say?

A. Interpersonal: The nurse is engaging in interpersonal communication during the admission health history and physical assessment. This form of communication occurs between two individuals and involves a direct exchange of information, thoughts, and feelings. The nurse and the patient interact in a one-on-one setting to gather health information and build rapport.

B. Intrapersonal: Intrapersonal communication refers to communication that occurs within an individual, such as self-talk or internal dialogue. This is not the form of communication used during the nurse's interaction with the patient.

C. Group: Group communication involves interactions among multiple individuals, such as a discussion or meeting with several participants. This does not apply to the nurse's one-on-one interview with the patient.

D. Small group: Small group communication typically involves a few people discussing or working together on a task or topic. Although the nurse may participate in small group discussions, the specific interaction during the admission assessment is classified as interpersonal communication.

A. Ask the patient to make eye contact to determine her affect: Requesting the patient to make eye contact may be perceived as disrespectful or confrontational in some cultures, including many Asian cultures where looking down is a sign of respect and deference. This approach may not provide accurate insights into the patient’s emotional state.

B. Notify the health care provider to recommend a psychological evaluation: This action is premature and may not be warranted based solely on the patient's body language. Cultural factors should be considered before concluding that the patient requires psychological evaluation.

C. Consider cultural differences during this assessment: Recognizing and respecting cultural differences is essential in healthcare. In many Asian cultures, avoiding eye contact can be a cultural norm that signifies respect and humility rather than a lack of confidence or engagement. By considering these differences, the nurse can provide culturally competent care and avoid misinterpretations of the patient’s behavior.

D. Continue with the interview and document that the patient is depressed: Documenting the patient as depressed based solely on her body language is inappropriate and could lead to misdiagnosis. The nurse should gather more information and understand the context of the patient's behavior before making any assumptions about her mental health.