A nurse is administering the first dose of ramipril to a client who has hypertension.
The client reports feeling dizzy and lightheaded.
Which of the following should the nurse administer?

IV fluid bolus.

Naloxone.

Diphenhydramine.

15 g of carbohydrates.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale:

Administering an IV fluid bolus can help increase blood volume and thus increase blood pressure, which can alleviate symptoms of dizziness and lightheadedness. This is a common side effect of ramipril, especially after the first dose.

Choice B rationale:

Naloxone is an opioid antagonist and is not relevant in this context. It’s used to reverse the effects of opioid overdose, not to treat symptoms associated with antihypertensive medications.

Choice C rationale:

Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine used to treat allergic reactions or insomnia, not symptoms associated with antihypertensive medications.

Choice D rationale:

Administering 15 g of carbohydrates would be appropriate for a hypoglycemic patient, not for a patient experiencing dizziness and lightheadedness due to antihypertensive medication.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Sublingual nitroglycerin should be taken without water. The tablet should be placed under the tongue and allowed to dissolve.

Choice B rationale:

It is recommended to take sublingual nitroglycerin before activities that might cause angina.

Choice C rationale:

The maximum recommended dosage is three tablets within 15 minutes, not four.

Choice D rationale:

Sublingual nitroglycerin should not be chewed. It should be allowed to dissolve under the tongue.

A. Renal excretion time slows for medication. B. Hepatic enzymes process medications more rapidly. C. Brain receptors become less sensitive to medications. D. Gastric emptying rate increases.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Renal excretion time slows for medication. As people age, kidney function gradually decreases, which slows the excretion of medications. This can lead to increased levels of the drug in the body, which can increase the risk of side effects.

Choice B rationale:

Hepatic enzymes do not process medications more rapidly in older adults. In fact, liver function also decreases with age, which can slow the metabolism of medications.

Choice C rationale:

Brain receptors do not become less sensitive to medications in older adults. The sensitivity of brain receptors to medications can vary widely and is not necessarily related to age.

Choice D rationale:

Gastric emptying rate does not increase with age. On the contrary, it often slows down, which can affect the absorption of some medications.

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A nurse is administering the first dose of ramipril to a client who has hypertension.The client reports feeling dizzy and lightheaded.Which of the following should the nurse administer?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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A nurse is administering the first dose of ramipril to a client who has hypertension.
The client reports feeling dizzy and lightheaded.
Which of the following should the nurse administer?