A nurse inserts an indwelling urinary catheter for a client who is preoperative. Three days later, the client develops a urinary tract infection. The nurse should identify that the client has which of the following types of infections?

Systemic

Health care-associated

Endogenous

Exogenous

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: A systemic infection would affect the entire body or multiple systems, not just the urinary tract. While a urinary tract infection can become systemic if it leads to sepsis, the scenario provided does not specify such progression.

Choice B reason: A health care-associated infection (HAI) is an infection that a patient acquires while receiving treatment for another condition within a healthcare setting. Since the infection occurred after the insertion of a urinary catheter in a hospital, it is considered an HAI.

Choice C reason: An endogenous infection originates from the host's own microbial flora. The scenario does not provide enough information to determine if the infection was caused by the client's own flora or by external sources.

Choice D reason: An exogenous infection comes from outside the body. While the urinary tract infection could be exogenous, the scenario suggests it is more likely to be health care-associated due to the timing and context of the catheter insertion.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Decreased energy is a common symptom of OSA due to disrupted sleep patterns and the body's struggle to maintain adequate oxygen levels during apneic episodes. This can lead to excessive daytime sleepiness and fatigue.

Choice B reason: While thyroid disease can be associated with sleep disorders, it is not a direct finding of OSA. However, hypothyroidism can contribute to the development of OSA due to myxedematous changes leading to airway obstruction.

Choice C reason: Pneumonia is not a direct finding of OSA. However, individuals with OSA may be at increased risk for respiratory infections due to repeated episodes of upper airway collapse during sleep, which can lead to aspiration.

Choice D reason: Hypotension is generally not associated with OSA. In fact, OSA is more commonly linked with hypertension due to the sympathetic nervous system activation that occurs with each apneic episode.

A. "I will wear gloves when measuring a client's blood pressure (BP)." B. "I will wear gloves whenever I am in contact with clients." C. "I will wear gloves to reduce the number of times I have to wash my hands." D. "I will wear gloves and a gown when bathing a client who has open skin lesions."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Wearing gloves when measuring a client's blood pressure is not typically necessary unless there is a risk of exposure to bodily fluids or if the client has an infectious disease. The use of gloves is based on the type of contact and potential for exposure, not routine tasks like BP measurement.

Choice B reason: Wearing gloves for all client contact is not necessary and is not consistent with standard precautions. Gloves should be used when there is potential contact with blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions, contaminated items, or mucous membranes.

Choice C reason: Gloves are not a substitute for hand hygiene. The primary reason for wearing gloves is to provide a barrier against infection, not to reduce handwashing. Hand hygiene is still required before donning gloves and after removing them, regardless of whether the gloves are soiled or not.

Choice D reason: Wearing gloves and a gown when bathing a client with open skin lesions is correct because it protects both the healthcare worker and the client from the risk of infection. Open skin lesions can be a source of infection, and PPE is necessary to prevent the transmission of pathogens.

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A nurse inserts an indwelling urinary catheter for a client who is preoperative. Three days later, the client develops a urinary tract infection. The nurse should identify that the client has which of the following types of infections?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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