A nurse inserts an indwelling urinary catheter for a client who is preoperative. Three days later, the client develops a urinary tract infection. The nurse should identify that the client has which of the following types of infections?
Systemic
Health care-associated
Endogenous
Exogenous
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: A systemic infection would affect the entire body or multiple systems, not just the urinary tract. While a urinary tract infection can become systemic if it leads to sepsis, the scenario provided does not specify such progression.
Choice B reason: A health care-associated infection (HAI) is an infection that a patient acquires while receiving treatment for another condition within a healthcare setting. Since the infection occurred after the insertion of a urinary catheter in a hospital, it is considered an HAI.
Choice C reason: An endogenous infection originates from the host's own microbial flora. The scenario does not provide enough information to determine if the infection was caused by the client's own flora or by external sources.
Choice D reason: An exogenous infection comes from outside the body. While the urinary tract infection could be exogenous, the scenario suggests it is more likely to be health care-associated due to the timing and context of the catheter insertion.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: The CRIES pain scale is not suitable for a 10-year-old as this scale is designed for neonates, typically those who are 0 to 6 months old.
Choice B reason: A 3-year-old toddler would be better assessed with a pain scale that allows for their level of understanding and communication, such as the Faces Pain Scale-Revised.
Choice C reason: A 4-year-old preschooler can typically communicate their pain verbally or by using a faces pain scale, making the CRIES scale less appropriate.
Choice D reason: The CRIES pain scale is specifically designed for neonates and is appropriate for assessing pain in a 4-day-old infant who cannot verbally communicate their pain.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Scarlet fever is caused by a bacterium that produces a toxin leading to a rash. It is typically spread through respiratory droplets, and while standard precautions are necessary, an N95 respirator is not required.
Choice B reason: Tuberculosis is an airborne infectious disease that requires the use of an N95 respirator to protect against inhaling the bacteria, especially in cases of pulmonary tuberculosis. This type of respirator filters out at least 95% of airborne particles, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Choice C reason: Mycoplasmal pneumonia, also known as "walking pneumonia," is caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae and is typically less severe than other types of bacterial pneumonia. Standard precautions, including the use of surgical masks, may be sufficient unless there is a risk of aerosol-generating procedures.
Choice D reason: Scabies is caused by a mite that burrows into the skin. It is spread through direct skin-to-skin contact, and an N95 respirator is not needed for protection against scabies.
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