A nurse inserts an indwelling urinary catheter for a client who is preoperative. Three days later, the client develops a urinary tract infection. The nurse should identify that the client has which of the following types of infections?
Systemic
Health care-associated
Endogenous
Exogenous
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: A systemic infection would affect the entire body or multiple systems, not just the urinary tract. While a urinary tract infection can become systemic if it leads to sepsis, the scenario provided does not specify such progression.
Choice B reason: A health care-associated infection (HAI) is an infection that a patient acquires while receiving treatment for another condition within a healthcare setting. Since the infection occurred after the insertion of a urinary catheter in a hospital, it is considered an HAI.
Choice C reason: An endogenous infection originates from the host's own microbial flora. The scenario does not provide enough information to determine if the infection was caused by the client's own flora or by external sources.
Choice D reason: An exogenous infection comes from outside the body. While the urinary tract infection could be exogenous, the scenario suggests it is more likely to be health care-associated due to the timing and context of the catheter insertion.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: While providing a newborn's first bath, there is minimal risk of exposure to infectious fluids that would necessitate eye protection. However, standard precautions should always be followed.
Choice B reason: When giving personal care to an infant who is HIV-positive, standard precautions should be followed, which includes wearing gloves. Eye protection is not typically required unless there is a risk of splashing bodily fluids.
Choice C reason: Suctioning secretions from a child's newly placed tracheostomy tube requires eye protection because there is a high risk of secretions being expelled forcefully, which could contact the mucous membranes of the eyes.
Choice D reason: Withdrawing cord blood from a neonate generally does not require eye protection unless there is a risk of blood splatter. Standard precautions, including the use of gloves, should be sufficient.
Choice E reason: Transporting a cerebrospinal fluid specimen to the laboratory does not require the nurse to wear eye protection. However, the nurse should ensure that the specimen is sealed properly to prevent any leaks.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Thoroughly cleansing the affected area helps remove potential pathogens. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) advises washing needlestick injuries with soap and water.
Choice B reason: Squeezing the puncture site is not recommended because it can cause further injury to the tissue and does not effectively reduce the risk of bloodborne pathogen transmission.
Choice C reason: Flushing the puncture site with water is a good practice, but it should be done immediately, not just for 5 minutes. The initial washing is more critical.
Choice D reason: If indicated, postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) should be initiated as soon as possible, ideally within hours of exposure, to maximize its effectiveness. Delaying PEP until the following day is not advisable.
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