A nurse in the emergency department is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a sprained ankle. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?

A. Rye bread: Rye contains gluten, which triggers an autoimmune intestinal response in children with celiac disease. Even small amounts of gluten can damage the small-bowel villi and lead to malabsorption, abdominal discomfort, and long-term nutritional deficits. For this reason, rye products must be completely avoided in a gluten-free diet.

B. Whole wheat pretzels: Wheat is one of the primary sources of gluten, and whole wheat products contain high concentrations of it. Consuming these pretzels would provoke inflammation in the intestinal mucosa and worsen symptoms such as bloating, diarrhea, and poor nutrient absorption. These foods are unsafe for any child diagnosed with celiac disease.

C. Graham crackers: Graham flour is derived from wheat, making graham crackers a gluten-containing food. Despite their common use as snacks, they can contribute to ongoing intestinal injury in children with celiac disease when consumed regularly. They should be eliminated from the child’s meal plan to promote intestinal healing.

D. Wild rice: Wild rice is a naturally gluten-free grain alternative that does not trigger the immune response seen in celiac disease. It provides a safe source of carbohydrates and nutrients without risking intestinal inflammation. Incorporating wild rice supports dietary variety while maintaining strict gluten avoidance essential for long-term management.

A. Warm the infant's extremity for 1 min prior to placing the sensor probe: While cold extremities can affect pulse oximetry readings, brief warming alone may not reliably improve accuracy. Proper probe placement and minimizing movement are more critical to obtaining consistent readings.

B. Keep the infant's foot immobilized while the sensor is in place: Immobilizing the extremity prevents motion artifact, which can interfere with pulse oximetry accuracy. This is a recommended action for continuous monitoring in infants, as movement can cause false low or fluctuating readings.

C. Place a sensor on the infant's index finger: In infants, the fingers are often too small for standard pulse oximetry probes. Preferred sites include the foot or wrist, which accommodate the sensor without compromising accuracy.

D. Place a sock over the infant's foot to secure the sensor: Covering the sensor with a sock may create pressure or interfere with proper probe function, and it can trap moisture, which affects readings. Securing the probe with gentle adhesive or specialized wraps is safer.