A nurse is assessing a client who has a calcium deficiency. The nurse should identify that the client is at risk for which of the following conditions?
Tetany
Anemia
Kidney stones
Osteoarthritis
The Correct Answer is A
A. Tetany: Calcium is essential for proper neuromuscular function. A deficiency can lead to increased neuromuscular excitability, resulting in muscle spasms, cramps, and tetany, which are hallmark signs of hypocalcemia.
B. Anemia: Anemia is typically related to deficiencies in iron, vitamin B12, or folate, not calcium. While calcium plays roles in other body functions, it is not a direct factor in hemoglobin synthesis or red blood cell production.
C. Kidney stones: Kidney stones are more commonly associated with hypercalcemia or high calcium excretion rather than calcium deficiency. Low calcium intake may actually increase oxalate absorption, but it is not a direct cause of stones.
D. Osteoarthritis: Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease influenced by age, joint stress, and cartilage wear. Calcium deficiency affects bone density (leading to osteoporosis) rather than the cartilage degeneration seen in osteoarthritis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. First image: The rhythm shows irregular beats with visible P waves before each QRS complex, which is more consistent with normal sinus rhythm with occasional premature beats, not atrial fibrillation.
B. Second image: The rhythm appears regular with consistent P waves preceding each QRS, indicating normal sinus rhythm. There are no signs of atrial fibrillation.
C. Third image: The rhythm is irregularly irregular with no discernible P waves and variable R-R intervals, which are hallmark features of atrial fibrillation. This rhythm increases the client’s risk for thromboembolism and requires careful monitoring and management.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. A series of four hepatitis vaccines is recommended: This is incorrect. Vaccines are available for hepatitis A and hepatitis B only, and they are not given as a single four-vaccine series to prevent all viral hepatitis types.
B. Hepatitis B is transmitted by contaminated food: This describes hepatitis A, not hepatitis B. Hepatitis B is transmitted through blood, sexual contact, and perinatal exposure.
C. Chronic hepatitis can lead to renal cell cancer: Chronic hepatitis (especially B and C) increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (liver cancer), not renal cell cancer.
D. Individuals with a history of viral hepatitis are not eligible to donate blood due to the risk of transmitting hepatitis viruses to recipients. Blood donation screening excludes donors with past hepatitis infection to ensure blood safety.
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