A nurse in public clinic is planning a health fair for older adult clients in the community. In teaching medication safety, which of the following foods should the nurse advise the clients to avoid when taking their prescriptions?

Orange juice

Grapefruit juice

Milk

Carbonated beverage

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A) Orange juice:
Orange juice is generally safe to consume with most medications and does not pose significant risks like grapefruit juice. It is a good source of vitamin C and typically does not interact with prescription medications in a harmful way. However, some medications, particularly those for high blood pressure or heart conditions, may have specific instructions regarding food interactions.

B) Grapefruit juice:
Grapefruit juice should be avoided by clients taking certain medications, as it can interfere with the metabolism of various drugs. Grapefruit contains compounds that inhibit the action of the enzyme cytochrome P450 3A4, which plays a crucial role in metabolizing many medications. This can lead to higher levels of the drug in the bloodstream, increasing the risk of adverse effects or toxicity. Medications commonly affected include certain statins, calcium channel blockers, and immunosuppressants, among others.

C) Milk:
Milk is generally safe to consume with most medications, though it can interfere with the absorption of certain drugs, such as tetracycline antibiotics or some bisphosphonates (used for osteoporosis). However, milk is not as commonly problematic as grapefruit juice and is not a major concern for most prescription medications.

D) Carbonated beverage:
Carbonated beverages, such as soda, do not typically interact with most medications in a way that would cause harm. However, some carbonated drinks can cause gastrointestinal discomfort, especially when taken with certain medications that affect the stomach or intestines.

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Correct Answer is ["0.75"]

Explanation

Given:

Ordered dose of Enoxaparin: 30 mg

Concentration of Enoxaparin: 40 mg/mL

Step 1: Set up the proportion:

Desired dose (mg) / Volume to administer (mL) = Concentration (mg/mL)

Step 2: Substitute the values:

30 mg / Volume = 40 mg/mL

Step 3: Solve for the unknown volume:

Volume = 30 mg / (40 mg/mL)

Volume = 30 mg x (1 mL / 40 mg)

Volume = 0.75 mL

A. Increased blood pressure B. Increase hematocrit C. Increased respiratory rate D. Increased heart rate E. Increased temperature

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

A) Increased blood pressure:
Fluid overload results in an increased volume of fluid in the vascular system, leading to higher blood pressure. The excess volume places additional strain on the heart and blood vessels, causing an elevation in systolic and diastolic pressure. The nurse should expect to find elevated blood pressure in a client experiencing fluid overload due to the increased blood volume.

B) Increased hematocrit:
Hematocrit is the proportion of red blood cells in the blood, and it tends to decrease, not increase, during fluid overload. This is because the excess fluid in the bloodstream dilutes the blood, lowering the hematocrit level. Therefore, an increase in hematocrit would not be expected in fluid overload.

C) Increased respiratory rate:
Fluid overload, particularly when it affects the lungs (as seen in conditions like congestive heart failure), can cause respiratory distress. The accumulation of fluid in the lungs impairs gas exchange, leading to hypoxia and the body compensating by increasing the respiratory rate. This response helps increase oxygenation and expel carbon dioxide, so the nurse should expect to see an increased respiratory rate.

D) Increased heart rate:
An elevated heart rate, or tachycardia, is a compensatory response to fluid overload. The heart tries to pump the excess fluid through the circulatory system, which increases the heart's workload. As a result, the heart rate increases in an attempt to maintain adequate cardiac output despite the increased blood volume.

E) Increased temperature:
An elevated body temperature is not typically associated with fluid overload. In fact, fluid overload is more likely to present with normal or slightly lower body temperature, especially if there is no infection or inflammatory process present. If there is an increase in temperature, the nurse should consider other possible causes, such as infection or inflammatory conditions.

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A nurse in public clinic is planning a health fair for older adult clients in the community. In teaching medication safety, which of the following foods should the nurse advise the clients to avoid when taking their prescriptions?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client is to receive enoxaparin 30 mg subcutaneously. Available is enoxaparin 40 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

Correct Answer is ["0.75"]

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client who has fluid overload. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

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