A nurse in a provider's office is caring for a client.

Exhibits

The nurse is reviewing the client's medical record. Which of the following findings places the client at risk for osteoporosis? (Select all that apply.)

Lactose intolerant

Smoking history

Vitamin D level

Phosphorous level

Alcohol use

Activity level

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,F

A.   Not directly related to osteoporosis risk. Lactose intolerance does not inherently increase the risk of osteoporosis.
B.   No history of smoking was reported by the client.
C.   The total 25-hydroxy D level is below the normal range, indicating insufficient vitamin D, which can increase the risk of osteoporosis.
D.   Normal phosphorus levels are found in the client's diagnostic results.
E.   The client reported not drinking alcohol, which is not a risk factor for osteoporosis.
F.   The client's sedentary lifestyle and inability to adhere to the exercise program contribute to a higher risk of osteoporosis due to reduced bone strength from lack of physical activity.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Regular ankle and knee exercises help prevent muscle atrophy due to immobility.
B. Changing positions every 4 hours is helpful, but more frequent movement is recommended.
C. Antiembolic stockings should be worn when immobile to prevent blood clots.
D. Holding breath during movement doesn't contribute to reducing adverse effects of immobility.

A. Use an 18-gauge, 1-inch needle to administer the medication. B. Massage the injection site after withdrawing the needle. C. Inject 5.1 cm (2 in) away from the umbilicus. D. Expel air bubble before injecting medication.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Use an 18-gauge, 1-inch needle to administer the medication:
This is incorrect because an 18-gauge needle is too large and not appropriate for subcutaneous injections like heparin. A smaller gauge needle, such as 25- to 27-gauge, and a shorter length (⅜ to ⅝ inch) is recommended for subcutaneous injections.

B. Massage the injection site after withdrawing the needle:
This is incorrect because massaging the injection site after administering heparin can increase the risk of bruising and hematoma formation. Heparin is an anticoagulant, and gentle handling of the injection site is crucial.

C. Inject 5.1 cm (2 in) away from the umbilicus:
This is correct. Heparin is administered subcutaneously, typically in the abdomen, avoiding areas near the umbilicus or scars. Injecting at least 2 inches away from the umbilicus ensures the medication is delivered to appropriate subcutaneous tissue and minimizes complications.

D. Expel air bubble before injecting medication:
This is incorrect because the air bubble in prefilled heparin syringes should not be expelled. The air bubble helps ensure the full dose is administered and reduces the risk of medication leakage.

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A nurse in a provider's office is caring for a client. Exhibits The nurse is reviewing the client's medical record. Which of the following findings places the client at risk for osteoporosis? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

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A nurse in a provider's office is caring for a client.

Exhibits

The nurse is reviewing the client's medical record. Which of the following findings places the client at risk for osteoporosis? (Select all that apply.)