A nurse in a pediatric clinic is reviewing the laboratory results of a school-age child. Which of the following findings indicates the child may have a potential bacterial infection?

Increased hemoglobin

Increased absolute neutrophils

Decreased C-reactive protein

Decreased platelets

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Rationale:

A. Increased hemoglobin: Elevated hemoglobin levels are generally associated with dehydration, high altitude, or chronic hypoxia, but they are not specific indicators of infection. Hemoglobin does not provide direct evidence of a bacterial process.

B. Increased absolute neutrophils: Neutrophils are the primary white blood cells involved in fighting bacterial infections. An elevated absolute neutrophil count suggests an acute bacterial infection or an inflammatory response caused by bacterial pathogens.

C. Decreased C-reactive protein: CRP is a marker of inflammation, often elevated during bacterial infections. A decreased CRP level makes bacterial infection less likely and is not consistent with the inflammatory response usually seen in such cases.

D. Decreased platelets: Low platelet counts (thrombocytopenia) can result from viral infections, autoimmune diseases, or bone marrow disorders. While they may be altered in sepsis, they are not a reliable or primary marker of a typical bacterial infection.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Hematuria: Blood in the urine can occur with sickle cell disease due to renal papillary necrosis, but it is not specific to acute chest syndrome and does not require immediate emergency action in this context.

B. Sneezing: Sneezing is typically associated with upper respiratory infections or allergies and is not indicative of acute chest syndrome. It is not a critical symptom in this scenario.

C. Substernal retractions: Substernal retractions are a sign of respiratory distress and can indicate acute chest syndrome a life-threatening complication of sickle cell anemia. It involves pulmonary infiltration and can rapidly progress to hypoxia and respiratory failure, requiring urgent intervention.

D. Temperature 37.9° C (100.2° F): While fever in a sickle cell client should be closely monitored and reported, this temperature is low-grade. Alone, it does not immediately signal acute chest syndrome without accompanying respiratory symptoms.

A. Subdural hematoma B. Renal calculi C. Hyperthyroidism D. Diabetes mellitus

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Subdural hematoma: This condition increases the risk of complications during electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) due to potential elevated intracranial pressure. The seizure activity induced by ECT can further increase pressure and pose a risk of brain herniation or worsening of the hematoma.

B. Renal calculi: Kidney stones may cause pain and hematuria, but they do not directly increase the risk of complications during ECT. Unless there is severe renal impairment or electrolyte imbalance, ECT is generally safe for these clients.

C. Hyperthyroidism: While hyperthyroidism may increase sensitivity to stress or elevate the risk of arrhythmias during procedures, it does not present the same level of direct neurological risk as intracranial pathology like a subdural hematoma.

D. Diabetes mellitus: Diabetes requires careful monitoring during ECT, especially regarding fasting, blood glucose levels, and anesthetic recovery. However, it is not a contraindication and does not present as high a procedural risk as a brain bleed would.

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A nurse in a pediatric clinic is reviewing the laboratory results of a school-age child. Which of the following findings indicates the child may have a potential bacterial infection?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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