A nurse in a pediatric clinic is discussing the pathophysiology of Reye syndrome with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicate an understanding of the disorder?

"Reye syndrome causes fatty changes in the liver."

"Reye syndrome leads to venous thrombus formation."

"Reye syndrome is associated with misuse of acetaminophen."

"Reye syndrome is linked to decreased serum ammonia levels."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. "Reye syndrome causes fatty changes in the liver."

This statement is correct. Reye syndrome is characterized by acute non-inflammatory encephalopathy and fatty changes in the liver, which can lead to liver dysfunction and failure.

B. "Reye syndrome leads to venous thrombus formation."

This statement is incorrect. Reye syndrome primarily affects the brain and liver, leading to cerebral edema and liver dysfunction. It does not typically involve venous thrombus formation.

C. "Reye syndrome is associated with misuse of acetaminophen."

This statement is incorrect. While the exact cause of Reye syndrome is not fully understood, it is not associated with the misuse of acetaminophen. However, there is a well-established association between Reye syndrome and the use of aspirin (salicylates) during viral infections, particularly in children and adolescents.

D. "Reye syndrome is linked to decreased serum ammonia levels."

This statement is incorrect. Reye syndrome is associated with increased serum ammonia levels due to liver dysfunction and impaired ammonia metabolism. Elevated ammonia levels can contribute to the encephalopathy seen in Reye syndrome.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Droplet:

Pertussis is primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Droplet precautions involve placing the child in a private room or with another child with the same infection. Healthcare workers should wear a mask or respirator when entering the room to protect against droplet transmission.

B. Contact:

Contact precautions are used for infections that can be spread by direct or indirect contact with the patient or their environment. Pertussis is not typically spread through contact with contaminated surfaces or objects.

C. Airborne:

Airborne precautions are used for infections that are transmitted through small droplet nuclei that remain in the air for long periods. Pertussis is primarily transmitted through larger respiratory droplets rather than tiny airborne particles.

D. Protective environment:

Protective environment precautions are used for patients who have weakened immune systems, such as those undergoing bone marrow transplants. These precautions are not applicable for a child with pertussis.

A. New heart murmur B. Weight gain C. Bradycardia D. Decreased body temperature

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. New heart murmur

This is a common finding in infective endocarditis due to damage to the heart valves caused by the infection. The infection can lead to the development of new heart murmurs or changes in existing ones as the valves become affected.

B. Weight gain

Weight gain is not typically associated with infective endocarditis. In fact, individuals with infective endocarditis may experience weight loss due to symptoms such as fever, loss of appetite, and malaise.

C. Bradycardia

Bradycardia, or a slow heart rate, is not a typical finding in infective endocarditis. In many cases, individuals with infective endocarditis may actually present with tachycardia (rapid heart rate) due to fever and the body's response to infection.

D. Decreased body temperature

Infective endocarditis is often associated with fever, which would lead to an elevated body temperature rather than a decreased one.

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A nurse in a pediatric clinic is discussing the pathophysiology of Reye syndrome with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicate an understanding of the disorder?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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