A nurse is providing teaching to an adolescent who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for metformin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

"Expect the medication to cause constipation for the first few days of therapy."

"Take the medication at the same time each day."

"This medication is used for short-term therapy until your symptoms improve."

"Take this medication 1 hour before meals."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. "Expect the medication to cause constipation for the first few days of therapy.": This statement is incorrect. Metformin commonly causes gastrointestinal side effects such as diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, and nausea, especially when therapy is initiated. Constipation is not typically associated with metformin use.

B. "Take the medication at the same time each day.": This is a correct instruction. It is important for the adolescent to take metformin at the same time each day to maintain consistent blood levels of the medication and optimize its effectiveness.

C. "This medication is used for short-term therapy until your symptoms improve.": This statement is incorrect. Metformin is typically used for long-term management of type 2 diabetes mellitus to help control blood sugar levels. It is not intended for short-term therapy.

D. "Take this medication 1 hour before meals.": This statement is incorrect. While metformin can be taken with meals to reduce gastrointestinal side effects, it is not necessary to take it specifically 1 hour before meals. It can be taken with meals or shortly after meals.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Report of diplopia

Diplopia, or double vision, can be a symptom of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) due to its effects on cranial nerve function. Therefore, it is a manifestation that the nurse should recognize as indicating the presence of increased ICP.

B. Hyperactivity

Hyperactivity is not typically associated with increased ICP. Instead, manifestations of increased ICP often include altered level of consciousness, lethargy, or even coma.

C. Nuchal rigidity

Nuchal rigidity, or stiffness in the neck, is not a direct manifestation of increased ICP. It is more commonly associated with meningitis or other conditions affecting the meninges.

D. Report of sore throat

A sore throat is not typically associated with increased ICP unless it is related to complications such as pharyngeal injury or infection.

A. Green zone reading on peak expiratory flow meter B. Rhinitis C. Axillary temperature of 37.2° C (99° F) D. Hacking, nonproductive cough

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Green zone reading on peak expiratory flow meter:

A green zone reading on a peak expiratory flow meter indicates that the child's peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) is within the normal or stable range. This would not typically be indicative of an exacerbation of asthma. In fact, a green zone reading suggests that asthma is well-controlled.

B. Rhinitis:

Rhinitis, or inflammation of the nasal mucosa, is a common symptom in individuals with asthma, but it is not necessarily indicative of an exacerbation of asthma. Rhinitis can occur due to allergic or non-allergic triggers and may be present even when asthma is well-controlled.

C. Axillary temperature of 37.2°C (99°F):

An axillary temperature of 37.2°C (99°F) is within the normal range for body temperature and is not indicative of an exacerbation of asthma. While fever can occur during exacerbations of asthma, it is not a universal symptom and may be absent in some cases.

D. Hacking, nonproductive cough:

This is the correct option. A hacking, nonproductive cough is a common symptom of asthma exacerbation. During an exacerbation, the airways become inflamed and constricted, leading to coughing. The cough may be dry and unproductive, and it is often worse at night or early in the morning.

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A nurse is providing teaching to an adolescent who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for metformin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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