A nurse in a long-term care facility is implementing a nutrition plan for a client who is at risk for malnutrition. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan? (Select all that apply)
Administer antiemetics following the meal.
Provide mouth care before feeding.
Assess for pain prior to mealtime.
Remove the bedpan from the client's sight.
Discourage snacks between meals.
Correct Answer : B,C,D
Choice A reason: Administering antiemetics following the meal is not an appropriate action for a client who is at risk for malnutrition. Antiemetics are medications that prevent or treat nausea and vomiting, which can interfere with oral intake and hydration. However, antiemetics should be given before the meal, not after, to reduce the likelihood of postprandial nausea and vomiting. ¹²
Choice B reason: Providing mouth care before feeding is an appropriate action for a client who is at risk for malnutrition. Mouth care can improve the client's appetite, taste, and comfort, as well as prevent oral infections and dental problems that can affect food intake. ³⁴
Choice C reason: Assessing for pain prior to mealtime is an appropriate action for a client who is at risk for malnutrition. Pain can reduce the client's appetite, mood, and ability to eat comfortably. The nurse should assess the client's pain level and provide adequate pain relief before offering food. ⁵⁶
Choice D reason: Removing the bedpan from the client's sight is an appropriate action for a client who is at risk for malnutrition. The presence of a bedpan or other unpleasant stimuli can cause the client to lose appetite, feel nauseated, or associate food with negative emotions. The nurse should create a pleasant and comfortable environment for the client to eat. ⁷⁸
Choice E reason: Discouraging snacks between meals is not an appropriate action for a client who is at risk for malnutrition. Snacks can provide additional calories, protein, and micronutrients that the client may not get from regular meals. Snacks can also help prevent hunger, fatigue, and hypoglycemia between meals. The nurse should encourage the client to have healthy snacks that are high in energy and nutrient density.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice B reason: Older adults should decrease their calorie intake as their metabolic rate and physical activity tend to decline with age. Excess calories can lead to weight gain and increase the risk of chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and some cancers. Older adults should aim for a balanced diet that meets their nutritional needs without exceeding their energy requirements.
Choice A reason: Older adults should not decrease their vitamin D intake, as vitamin D is essential for bone health and immune function. Older adults are at risk of vitamin D deficiency due to reduced sun exposure, decreased skin synthesis, and impaired absorption. Vitamin D deficiency can cause osteoporosis, fractures, muscle weakness, and infections. Older adults should consume adequate amounts of vitamin D from fortified foods, supplements, or sun exposure.
Choice C reason: Older adults should not decrease their protein intake, as protein is important for maintaining muscle mass, strength, and function. Older adults are prone to sarcopenia, which is the loss of muscle mass and quality due to aging. Sarcopenia can impair mobility, balance, and independence. Older adults should consume enough protein from animal or plant sources to prevent or delay sarcopenia.
Choice D reason: Older adults should not decrease their fiber intake, as fiber is beneficial for digestive health and blood glucose control. Older adults often suffer from constipation, diverticular disease, and diabetes, which can be alleviated by increasing fiber intake. Fiber can also lower cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of heart disease and some cancers. Older adults should consume at least 25 grams of fiber per day from fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts, and seeds.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Diabetes mellitus is not a likely complication of malnutrition, as it is caused by insufficient insulin production or action, not by inadequate food intake. Malnutrition may worsen the outcomes of diabetes, but it does not cause it.
Choice B reason: Pressure injury is a common complication of malnutrition, as it is caused by impaired tissue perfusion and oxygenation due to poor nutrition. Malnutrition can lead to loss of muscle mass, subcutaneous fat, and skin integrity, which increase the risk of developing pressure ulcers.
Choice C reason: Heat intolerance is not a direct complication of malnutrition, as it is caused by impaired thermoregulation due to hormonal or neurological disorders, not by insufficient food intake. Malnutrition may affect the body's ability to cope with heat stress, but it does not cause it.
Choice D reason: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is not a typical complication of malnutrition, as it is caused by the backflow of gastric contents into the esophagus due to a weak or incompetent lower esophageal sphincter, not by inadequate food intake. Malnutrition may aggravate the symptoms of GERD, but it does not cause it.
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