A nurse assessing a client notes that the client has a constant leakage of small amounts of urine and a bladder that is distended and palpable. The nurse should associate these findings with which of the following types of urinary incontinence?

Overflow incontinence

Reflex incontinence

Stress incontinence

Urge incontinence

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale: Overflow incontinence is characterized by a constant leakage of small amounts of urine and a distended, palpable bladder due to incomplete emptying. This is consistent with the client's symptoms.
Choice B rationale: Reflex incontinence is associated with neurologic dysfunction but does not typically involve constant leakage.
Choice C rationale: Stress incontinence is associated with increased intra-abdominal pressure and typically involves leakage with activities like coughing or sneezing.
Choice D rationale: Urge incontinence is characterized by a sudden, strong urge to void and is not typically associated with constant leakage.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale: The absence of bowel sounds on post-operative day 2 may indicate paralytic ileus, which is a temporary impairment of bowel motility. Paralytic ileus can last for 3-5 days postoperatively and is considered a normal response to surgery.
Choice B rationale: It is not normal for all post-op patients to have absent bowel sounds on day 2. Bowel sounds should typically return within the first 24 hours after surgery.
Choice C rationale: The absence of bowel sounds can be a normal finding in the immediate postoperative period, especially within the first 24 hours. However, it becomes abnormal if prolonged.
Choice D rationale: Documenting absent bowel sounds is appropriate, but notifying the physician should be based on the overall clinical picture and other symptoms.

A. If laxatives are not effective, the client should begin to use enemas. B. Habitual laxative use is the most common cause of chronic constipation. C. A laxative that works by a different method should be used. D. Chronic constipation is nothing to be concerned about.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale: Using enemas should not be the first response to constipation. There are various types of laxatives with different mechanisms of action that can be tried before resorting to enemas.
Choice B rationale: Habitual laxative use can contribute to chronic constipation, but it is not the most common cause. It is essential to identify and address the underlying cause of constipation.
Choice C rationale: If laxatives are not effective, trying a laxative with a different mechanism of action may be more successful in relieving constipation.
Choice D rationale: Chronic constipation should be assessed and addressed, as it can lead to complications and should not be dismissed as insignificant.

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A nurse assessing a client notes that the client has a constant leakage of small amounts of urine and a bladder that is distended and palpable. The nurse should associate these findings with which of the following types of urinary incontinence?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing bowel sounds on post-operative day 2 abdominal surgery patients. He does not hear bowel sounds. What should the nurse conclude about his findings?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client tells the nurse that he takes laxatives every day but is still constipated. The nurse's response is based on which reasoning?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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