A male client arrives at the clinic for a follow-up health assessment after recent antibiotic treatment for pneumonia without hospitalization. Which technique should the nurse implement to assess for adventitious lung sounds?

Have the client lay flat while listening to the anterior surface of the chest

Press the stethoscope's diaphragm firmly on the skin over each lung field

Shave all chest hair that may distort sounds heard through the diaphragm

Use the bell of the stethoscope to listen to the lung fields over lower lobes

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Having the client lay flat while listening to the anterior surface of the chest may not provide the best assessment of lung sounds, especially if the client is uncomfortable or if the posterior lung fields are not assessed. A sitting position is generally preferred for lung auscultation.
B. Pressing the stethoscope's diaphragm firmly on the skin over each lung field is the correct technique for assessing lung sounds. The diaphragm is better suited for detecting high-pitched sounds, such as wheezes, crackles, and other adventitious lung sounds.
C. Shaving chest hair may reduce extraneous noise but is unnecessary in most cases. Pressing the diaphragm firmly can usually eliminate the interference caused by hair, and shaving is not a standard procedure for lung auscultation.
D. The bell of the stethoscope is used for detecting lower-pitched sounds, such as heart murmurs, not for lung auscultation. The diaphragm is the appropriate tool for assessing adventitious lung sounds in all lung fields.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Encouraging fluid intake is important in managing elevated uric acid levels and conditions like gout. Increased fluid intake helps dilute the uric acid in the blood and promotes its excretion through the kidneys, which can help reduce the frequency of gout attacks.
B. Increasing the intake of red meat is not advisable, as red meat is high in purines, which can exacerbate gout by increasing uric acid levels. Clients with elevated uric acid should avoid purine-rich foods to prevent worsening their condition.
C. While measuring urine output can be useful in monitoring kidney function, it does not directly address the elevated uric acid levels or the acute gout symptoms the client is experiencing.
D. Splinting the affected joint may help with pain management by immobilizing the joint, but it is not a primary intervention for reducing uric acid levels or preventing further gout attacks. The focus should be on managing the underlying cause.

A. Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD). B. Esophagitis. C. Peptic ulcer disease (PUD). D. Chronic pancreatitis.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) typically presents with symptoms such as heartburn or regurgitation, which are often exacerbated by lying down or eating certain foods. The pain described as gnawing and related to hunger is more characteristic of peptic ulcer disease.
B. Esophagitis involves inflammation of the esophagus, which often causes pain with swallowing and may be associated with GERD or infections, but the description of pain that improves with eating is more indicative of peptic ulcer disease.
C. Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is characterized by gnawing or burning pain in the epigastric region that worsens when the stomach is empty and improves with eating or antacids. This fits the description provided by the client.
D. Chronic pancreatitis typically causes pain in the upper abdomen that can radiate to the back and is not specifically associated with pain that improves with eating.

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A male client arrives at the clinic for a follow-up health assessment after recent antibiotic treatment for pneumonia without hospitalization. Which technique should the nurse implement to assess for adventitious lung sounds?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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