A female client with mild depression reports to the nurse recently starting St. John's wort. Which information provided by the client requires further instruction?

Hard candy can be used for a dry mouth.

Another form of contraception is not needed.

Insomnia may occur while taking the medication.

Sensitivity to the sun can develop.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Hard candy can be used for a dry mouth, which is a common side effect of St. John's wort.

Choice B reason: Another form of contraception is needed, because St. John's wort can reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives and increase the risk of unplanned pregnancy. This information requires further instruction from the nurse.

Choice C reason: Insomnia may occur while taking the medication, which is another possible side effect of St. John's wort. The client should be advised to take the medication in the morning or afternoon, and avoid caffeine and alcohol.

Choice D reason: Sensitivity to the sun can develop, which is a rare but serious side effect of St. John's wort. The client should be instructed to wear sunscreen and protective clothing when exposed to sunlight.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Flatulence and nausea are common side effects of azithromycin, which is a macrolide antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis. These symptoms are usually mild and transient, and do not require reporting to the health care provider unless they are severe or persistent.

Choice B reason: Urinary frequency is not a relevant symptom of azithromycin, which does not affect urinary function or bladder control. Urinary frequency may be caused by other factors, such as infection, diabetes, or pregnancy.

Choice C reason: Yellow sclera is a serious symptom of azithromycin, which indicates liver damage or jaundice. Azithromycin can cause hepatotoxicity, which is a rare but potentially fatal adverse reaction. Yellow sclera should be reported to the health care provider immediately, as it may require discontinuation of the medication and liver function tests.

Choice D reason: Headache is a common side effect of azithromycin, which is a macrolide antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis. This symptom is usually mild and transient, and does not require reporting to the health care provider unless it is severe or persistent.

A. Ibuprofen B. Propofol C. Methadone D. Senna E. Docusate sodium F. Naloxone

Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic effects. Ibuprofen can be prescribed along with morphine to enhance the pain relief and reduce the inflammation caused by the surgery. Ibuprofen can also reduce the opioid requirement and the risk of opioid-related side effects, such as nausea, constipation, and respiratory depression. Therefore, choice A is correct.

Choice B reason:

Propofol is a short-acting intravenous anesthetic agent that induces and maintains anesthesia and sedation. Propofol is not prescribed along with morphine for post-operative pain management, as it is not an analgesic and has a high risk of hypotension, bradycardia, and respiratory depression. Propofol is only used in controlled settings, such as the operating room or the intensive care unit, under close monitoring and supervision. Therefore, choice B is incorrect.

Choice C reason:

Methadone is a long-acting synthetic opioid that has analgesic and opioid substitution effects. Methadone is not prescribed along with morphine for post-operative pain management, as it is not indicated for acute pain and has a high risk of accumulation, overdose, and addiction. Methadone is mainly used for chronic pain or opioid dependence treatment, under strict regulation and monitoring. Therefore, choice C is incorrect.

Choice D reason:

Senna is a stimulant laxative that increases the intestinal motility and promotes bowel movements. Senna can be prescribed along with morphine to prevent or treat constipation, which is a common side effect of opioids. Senna can improve the comfort and quality of life of the client who is receiving opioid therapy. Therefore, choice D is correct.

Choice E reason:

Docusate sodium is a stool softener that increases the water content and softness of the stool. Docusate sodium can be prescribed along with morphine to prevent or treat constipation, which is a common side effect of opioids. Docusate sodium can improve the comfort and quality of life of the client who is receiving opioid therapy. Therefore, choice E is correct.

Choice F reason:

Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that reverses the effects of opioids by displacing them from their receptors. Naloxone is not prescribed along with morphine for post-operative pain management, as it would counteract the analgesic effect of morphine and cause withdrawal symptoms. Naloxone is only used in emergency situations, such as opioid overdose or respiratory depression, as a rescue medication. Therefore, choice F is incorrect.

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A female client with mild depression reports to the nurse recently starting St. John's wort. Which information provided by the client requires further instruction?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Explanation

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