A father asks the nurse how the baby can exist in fluid for so long without resulting in some harmful effects on the skin.
The nurse's best reply would be:
A soft lanugo hair protects the skin from exposure to the amniotic fluid.
We will apply cream to the baby's skin after delivery to make it smooth and soft.
The baby's skin is covered with a protective fatty substance called vernix caseosa.
There is a thick layer of subcutaneous fat on the baby so the water doesn't harm the skin.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Lanugo is a fine hair that covers the fetus but does not primarily protect the skin from amniotic fluid exposure. It mainly helps in thermoregulation and the adherence of the vernix caseosa.
Choice B rationale
While skin care after birth is important, applying cream post-delivery does not explain why the skin is protected during gestation.
Choice C rationale
Vernix caseosa is a protective, cheese-like coating that covers the fetus's skin. It provides a barrier against the amniotic fluid, preventing maceration of the skin during the pregnancy.
Choice D rationale
Although subcutaneous fat develops in the fetus, it is not responsible for protecting the skin from amniotic fluid. The primary protective mechanism is the vernix caseosa.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Heartburn is common due to the relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter caused by progesterone, but quickening (the first movement of the fetus felt by the mother) typically occurs earlier in pregnancy, around 18-20 weeks.
Choice B rationale
Nausea and vomiting are more common in the first trimester due to hormonal changes, particularly increased levels of hCG. These symptoms often decrease as pregnancy progresses.
Choice C rationale
A stuffy nose and bleeding gums can occur due to increased blood volume and hormonal changes affecting mucous membranes, but these are more noticeable in the earlier stages of pregnancy.
Choice D rationale
Constipation and hemorrhoids are common in the third trimester. The growing uterus can put pressure on the rectum and intestines, slowing down bowel movements and increasing the risk of hemorrhoids.
Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"B"},"C":{"answers":"C"},"D":{"answers":"A"},"E":{"answers":"A"}}
Explanation
Weight loss of 2.8 kg (6.2 lb): Consistent - Significant weight loss is a classic symptom of hyperemesis gravidarum. The client has lost more than 5% of her pre-pregnancy weight, which is concerning and supports this diagnosis.
Hematocrit: 30%: Not Consistent - Hematocrit measures the proportion of red blood cells in the blood. In hyperemesis gravidarum, the hematocrit may be elevated due to dehydration, not decreased. Therefore, this value is not consistent with the typical presentation.
Vaginal spotting: Not Relevant - While vaginal spotting can be concerning in pregnancy, it is not a specific sign of hyperemesis gravidarum and does not directly relate to the diagnosis of severe nausea and vomiting.
Heart rate: 110/min: Consistent - Tachycardia (elevated heart rate) can occur due to dehydration and the body’s response to prolonged vomiting, making this finding consistent with hyperemesis gravidarum.
BUN: 28 mg/dL: Consistent - Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is elevated in this client, suggesting dehydration. Dehydration is a common complication of hyperemesis gravidarum due to persistent vomiting and poor oral intake.
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