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A community health nurse is teaching a group of older adults about risk factors for a hip fracture.
What statements indicate a correct understanding of these risk factors? Select all that apply.

“Men are more at risk for hip fractures than women.”.

“A history of osteoporosis is a risk factor.”.

“An increase in estrogen will weaken my bones.”.

“I am prone to a hip fracture if I’ve fallen in the past.”.

“I am more at risk as I get older.”.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,D,E

Choice A is wrong because women are more at risk for hip fractures than men.

This is partly because women lose bone density faster than men do, especially after menopause.

Choice C is wrong because an increase in estrogen will not weaken the bones. In fact, estrogen helps protect the bones from osteoporosis, which is a leading cause of hip fracture.

Some other risk factors for hip fracture include:

Excessive alcohol and caffeine consumption
Lack of physical activity
Low body weight
Tall stature
Vision problems
Dementia
Medications that cause bone loss
Cigarette smoking
Institutional living, such as an assisted-care facility
Increased risk for falls, related to conditions such as weakness, disability, or unsteady gait

Normal ranges for bone density vary by age and sex, but generally, a T-score of -1.0 or above is considered normal, while a T-score of -2.5 or below is considered osteoporotic. A T-score between -1.0 and -2.5 is considered osteopenic, which means low bone mass.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A back massage is a type of cutaneous stimulation that can help reduce pain by activating the gate control theory of pain. Cutaneous stimulation is a non-pharmacological intervention that can be delegated to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) or nursing assistive personnel (NAP) under the supervision of a registered nurse.

Choice A is wrong because assessing pain status requires critical thinking and clinical judgment, which are skills that only registered nurses have. Pain assessment is not a task that can be delegated to UAP/NAP.

Choice B is wrong because administering a placebo is a type of pharmacological intervention that involves giving a substance that has no therapeutic effect. Placebos are unethical and ineffective for pain management and should not be used by any health care provider.

Choice C is wrong because reviewing a pain diary involves evaluating the patient’s response to pain interventions and adjusting the plan of care accordingly. This is a complex task that requires nursing knowledge and skills and cannot be delegated to UAP/NAP.

A. Metoprolol. B. Hydrochlorothiazide. C. Enoxaparin. D. Atorvastatin.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse should hold and notify the prescriber because hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic that can lower the serum potassium level. The client already has a high serum potassium level of 5.2 mmol/L, which is above the normal range of 3.5 to 5.0 mmol/L.

Giving hydrochlorothiazide could worsen the client’s condition and cause hypokalemia.

Choice A is wrong because metoprolol is a beta-blocker that can lower the blood pressure and heart rate.

The client’s blood pressure and heart rate are not given, so there is no reason to hold metoprolol based on the information provided.

Choice C is wrong because enoxaparin is an anticoagulant that can prevent blood clots. The client has a low platelet count of 98,000/mm, which is below the normal range of 150,000 to 450,000/mm.

However, this does not contraindicate the use of enoxaparin, unless the client has signs of bleeding or bruising.

Choice D is wrong because atorvastatin is a statin that can lower the serum cholesterol

level. The client has a high serum cholesterol level of 250 mg/dL, which is above the desirable level of less than 200 mg/dL.

Giving atorvastatin could help reduce the client’s risk of cardiovascular complications.

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A community health nurse is teaching a group of older adults about risk factors for a hip fracture. What statements indicate a correct understanding of these risk factors? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is attempting to use non-pharmacological treatment for pain control. Which treatment could the nurse delegate to the UAP?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client admitted to the coronary care unit with an inferior wall myocardial infarction is anxious, sweating, tachypneic, and reports midsternal chest discomfort and nausea. Which nursing diagnosis is the priority?

The client’s 24-hour urine output is 750 mL and an amber color, oral intake is 1700 mL, and the weight has increased 3 kilograms in 2 days. The client is irritable and states “I have a headache.” Which laboratory value most correlates with these signs and symptoms?

Which instructions should a nurse give to a client prior to obtaining a throat culture?

A male client weighing 175 pounds is to receive an intramuscular injection into his deltoid of two milliliters (2 mL) of a viscous fluid. Which needle size should a nurse use?

A son brings his elderly mother to the emergency department and states that she fell today. The nurse notes multiple bruises in all stages of healing all over the client’s body. Which action should the nurse take first?.

A client makes minimal eye contact with others and remains alone in their room during the day. Which question is an important consideration when planning the client’s care?

The health care provider orders a trough level of an antibiotic administered every twenty four hours. When should the nurse plan for a trough level to be drawn?

The nurse reviews the healthcare provider’s orders for a client with bacterial pneumonia. Which of the following should the nurse carry out first?

A community health nurse is teaching a group of older adults about risk factors for a hip fracture.
What statements indicate a correct understanding of these risk factors? Select all that apply.