A community health nurse is providing an in-service to new staff members on isolation precautions. Which of the following diseases should the nurse identify as requiring airborne precautions?
Clostridium difficile
Influenza
Disseminated herpes zoster
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: This is incorrect. Clostridium difficile is a bacterium that causes an infection of the colon, which can result in diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fever¹. Clostridium difficile is transmitted by contact with fecal matter or contaminated surfaces². Therefore, it requires contact precautions, not airborne precautions³.
Choice B reason: This is incorrect. Influenza is a viral infection that affects the respiratory tract, causing symptoms such as fever, cough, sore throat, and muscle aches⁴. Influenza is transmitted by respiratory droplets that are generated by coughing, sneezing, or talking⁵. Therefore, it requires droplet precautions, not airborne precautions³.
Choice C reason: This is correct. Disseminated herpes zoster is a widespread form of shingles that affects multiple areas of the skin and can involve the internal organs⁶. Shingles is caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox⁷. Disseminated herpes zoster is transmitted by airborne particles that contain the virus, or by direct contact with the lesions⁶. Therefore, it requires airborne precautions, as well as contact precautions³.
Choice D reason: This is incorrect. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common respiratory virus that causes mild to severe infections of the lungs and airways, especially in infants and young children⁸. RSV is transmitted by respiratory droplets, or by contact with contaminated surfaces or secretions⁹. Therefore, it requires contact precautions, and sometimes droplet precautions, but not airborne precautions³.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason : Teaching clients' family members how to care for a wound is an educational activity that enhances the family's ability to provide care but does not directly provide feedback on the quality of care given by the staff.
Choice B reason : Tracking the readmission rates of postoperative clients is a direct measure of care quality. High readmission rates can indicate issues with the surgery or the postoperative care, making this a valuable metric for quality assessment.
Choice C reason : Orienting staff to new equipment is important for ensuring safe and effective use, but it does not offer direct feedback on the quality of care. It is more about maintaining competency and safety standards.
Choice D reason : Organizing morale-boosting events is beneficial for staff well-being and can indirectly affect care quality. However, it does not provide immediate feedback on the quality of care provided to clients.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: This statement is true and relevant. The nurse can share the client's current medical information with other providers who are involved in the client's care, such as physicians, nurses, therapists, or pharmacists. This is necessary for the coordination and continuity of care.
Choice B reason: This statement is false and misleading. The billing department at the agency will not have access to the client's medical record, but only to the minimum necessary information for billing purposes, such as the client's name, date of service, and diagnosis code.
Choice C reason: This statement is false and misleading. Assistive personnel will not be able to access the client's prior admission information, unless they are directly involved in the client's care and have a legitimate need to know. The client's prior admission information is protected by HIPAA and can only be disclosed with the client's authorization or for specific purposes.
Choice D reason: This statement is partially true, but not the best answer. The health care provider will assist the client in making decisions about who to disclose their health information to, but the client has the ultimate right to decide. The client can also revoke or modify their authorization at any time.
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