A client with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus reports experiencing numbness and tingling in their feet that disrupts their sleep.The nurse explains this as a nerve disorder known as peripheral neuropathy.
Which statement by the client indicates they understand the cause of this condition?

“The nerves just go to sleep when I lie down because no message gets from my brain to the spinal cord.”.

“The nerve damage may occur for unknown reasons in any individual.”.

“The older I get, the less blood flows to my feet.”.

“The elevated blood sugar from my diabetes can cause underlying nerve damage.”.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale
This statement is incorrect. Nerves do not “go to sleep.”. Peripheral neuropathy in diabetes is caused by damage to the nerves as a result of high blood sugar levels over time.
Choice B rationale
This statement is incorrect. While nerve damage can occur due to various reasons, in the context of diabetes, it is primarily due to prolonged high blood sugar levels.
Choice C rationale
This statement is incorrect. Age and blood flow to the feet are not the primary causes of peripheral neuropathy in diabetes. The primary cause is prolonged high blood sugar levels.
Choice D rationale
This statement is correct. Prolonged high blood sugar levels in diabetes can cause damage to the peripheral nerves, leading to peripheral neuropathy.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Pulmonary embolus is a serious condition that can occur due to prolonged immobility, but it is not directly related to the timing of enteral nutrition in a client with increased intracranial pressure.

Choice B rationale
Bacterial translocation refers to the migration of bacteria from the gut to other areas of the body. Early enteral nutrition (within 24 to 48 hours) in critically ill patients can help maintain the integrity of the gut mucosa and prevent bacterial translocation. Therefore, starting enteral nutrition within this timeframe can help prevent bacterial translocation.
Choice C rationale
Deep vein thrombosis, like pulmonary embolus, is a risk due to immobility but is not directly related to the timing of enteral nutrition.
Choice D rationale
Myocardial infarction is a cardiac event that could be related to overall cardiovascular health, stress, or specific injury to the cardiac muscle. It is not directly prevented by the initiation of enteral nutrition.

A. Swelling of the optic nerve B. Decreasing Glasgow Coma scores C. Blood pressure of 108/76 mm Hg D. Changes to pupil size and shape E. Respiratory rate of 12/min .

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Swelling of the optic nerve, also known as papilledema, can be a sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP). However, it is not a direct indicator of a worsening neurological condition.
Choice B rationale
The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is a clinical tool used to assess a patient’s level of consciousness and neurological functioning. A decreasing GCS score indicates a worsening neurological condition, which could be due to increasing ICP12. Therefore, a decreasing GCS score is a direct indicator of a worsening neurological condition.
Choice C rationale
A blood pressure of 108/76 mm Hg is within the normal range and does not directly indicate a worsening neurological condition. However, drastic changes in blood pressure could potentially indicate a problem.
Choice D rationale

Changes in pupil size and shape can be a sign of increased ICP, but these changes are not specific to a worsening neurological condition. They could be due to various factors, including medication effects or damage to the cranial nerves.
Choice E rationale
A respiratory rate of 12/min is within the normal range for adults. Changes in respiratory patterns could potentially indicate a worsening neurological condition, but a rate of 12/min does not directly indicate this.

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A client with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus reports experiencing numbness and tingling in their feet that disrupts their sleep.The nurse explains this as a nerve disorder known as peripheral neuropathy. Which statement by the client indicates they understand the cause of this condition?

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Correct Answer is B

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A client with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus reports experiencing numbness and tingling in their feet that disrupts their sleep.The nurse explains this as a nerve disorder known as peripheral neuropathy.
Which statement by the client indicates they understand the cause of this condition?