A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus is seeking preconception counseling.
She has a high glycosylated hemoglobin (HgbA1c). Before trying to become pregnant, she is strongly encouraged to stabilize her blood glucose to reduce the possibility of her baby developing which of the following?
Cardiac defects.
Hip dysplasia.
Necrotizing enterocolitis.
Port wine stain.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
High blood glucose levels in early pregnancy increase the risk of congenital heart defects in the baby.
Choice B rationale
Hip dysplasia is not directly associated with maternal diabetes but can be a congenital condition regardless of maternal glucose control.
Choice C rationale
Necrotizing enterocolitis is more related to prematurity and not directly linked to maternal diabetes.
Choice D rationale
Port wine stains are vascular birthmarks and are not associated with maternal blood glucose levels. .
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["0.43"]
Explanation
Step 1 is to calculate the total dose required: 4300 g × (2 mg ÷ 1000 g) = 8.6 mg.
Step 2 is to calculate the volume to draw up: 8.6 mg ÷ (20 mg ÷ 1 mL) = 0.43 mL. Final answer: 0.43 mL. .
Correct Answer is ["A","F","G"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Respiratory rate of 8 breaths per minute indicates respiratory depression, a serious adverse effect of magnesium sulfate toxicity. Magnesium sulfate can depress neuromuscular transmission, leading to decreased respiratory effort and rate.
Choice B rationale
Blood pressure of 150/90 mmHg is not indicative of magnesium sulfate toxicity. Elevated blood pressure is a symptom of pre-eclampsia and not directly related to the adverse effects of magnesium sulfate. Therefore, it does not indicate toxicity.
Choice C rationale
Lung crackles are typically associated with fluid overload or heart failure rather than magnesium sulfate toxicity. While it is a serious condition, it is not specifically an adverse effect of magnesium sulfate.
Choice D rationale
Increase in fetal heart rate is not a common adverse effect of magnesium sulfate. Fetal heart rate changes are more commonly related to the underlying maternal condition or other medications used in pregnancy rather than magnesium sulfate.
Choice E rationale
Deep tendon reflexes would typically be decreased or absent in magnesium sulfate toxicity. Therefore, presence of deep tendon reflexes would not indicate an adverse effect of magnesium sulfate.
Choice F rationale
Confusion can occur due to central nervous system depression caused by high levels of magnesium sulfate. This is a significant adverse effect indicating possible toxicity.
Choice G rationale
Urine output of 30 mL in 2 hours suggests oliguria, which can be a sign of magnesium sulfate toxicity as the drug is excreted through the kidneys. Reduced urine output can indicate the kidneys are not clearing the drug efficiently, leading to toxicity.
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