A client with hypertension is prescribed hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ). Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the medication?
“I will take this medication at bedtime.”
“I will stop taking this medication if my blood pressure becomes normal.”
“I will report any signs of a persistent cough.”
“I will take this medication only when I have symptoms of high blood pressure.”.
None of the above
The Correct Answer is E
All of the statements by the client indicate a lack of understanding of the medication.
Here is why:
Choice A is wrong because hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) is a diuretic (water pill) that increases the amount of urine produced and excreted by the kidneys. Taking this medication at bedtime may cause frequent urination at night and disrupt the sleep cycle. It is recommended to take HCTZ in the morning or early afternoon.
Choice B is wrong because HCTZ is prescribed to treat high blood pressure (hypertension), which is a chronic condition that requires long-term management. Stopping the medication abruptly may cause a rebound increase in blood pressure and increase the risk of complications such as stroke, heart attack, or kidney failure. The client should continue taking HCTZ as directed by the doctor, even if the blood pressure becomes normal.
Choice C is wrong because a persistent cough is not a common side effect of HCTZ. A cough may be a sign of an allergic reaction, a respiratory infection, or another condition that needs medical attention. HCTZ may cause other side effects such as nausea, dizziness, headache, low blood pressure, low potassium levels, high calcium levels, or skin rash. The client should report any unusual or bothersome symptoms to the doctor.
Choice D is wrong because HCTZ is not a medication that can be taken as needed for symptoms of high blood pressure. High blood pressure often has no symptoms and can damage the blood vessels and organs over time. HCTZ works by reducing the fluid volume and pressure in the blood vessels. It needs to be taken regularly and consistently to maintain its effectiveness and prevent fluctuations in blood pressure. The client should be educated about the purpose, benefits, risks, and instructions of taking HCTZ. The client should also be advised to monitor their blood pressure, weight, fluid intake and output, and electrolyte levels while on this medication. The client should also be counseled about lifestyle modifications such as diet, exercise, stress management, and smoking cessation that can help lower blood pressure and improve overall health.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Aspirin is an antiplatelet drug that inhibits the aggregation of platelets and prevents the formation of thrombi, which can occlude the coronary arteries and cause angina or myocardial infarction.Aspirin is recommended for clients who have angina and are at risk for myocardial infarction as a secondary prevention measure.
Choice A is wrong because aspirin does not lower blood pressure or reduce cardiac workload.These effects are achieved by other drugs such as beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.
Choice C is wrong because aspirin does not dilate the coronary arteries or increase blood flow to the heart.These effects are achieved by other drugs such as nitrates or calcium channel blockers.
Choice D is wrong because aspirin does not reduce inflammation or pain in the chest.These effects are achieved by other drugs such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or opioids.
Correct Answer is ["D","E"]
Explanation
Drinking 36 oz beer daily and eating a diet high in sodium are actions that increase the risk for hypertension.
Here is why:
• Drinking too much alcohol can raise blood pressure and also damage the liver, brain, and heart.The American Heart Association recommends limiting alcohol intake to no more than one drink per day for women and two drinks per day for men.
• Eating a diet high in sodium can cause the body to retain fluid, which increases blood pressure.The American Heart Association recommends limiting sodium intake to no more than 2,300 mg per day, and ideally no more than 1,500 mg per day.
Choice A, B, and C are wrong because:
• Drinking 8 oz nonfat milk daily is not a risk factor for hypertension.In fact, dairy products may help lower blood pressure by providing calcium, potassium, and protein.
• Eating popcorn at the movie theater is not a risk factor for hypertension, unless the popcorn is heavily salted or buttered.Popcorn is a whole grain that can provide fiber and antioxidants.
• Walking 1 mile daily at 12 min/mile pace is not a risk factor for hypertension.On the contrary, physical activity can help lower blood pressure by strengthening the heart and blood vessels.
Normal blood pressure range is less than 120/80 mm Hg (millimeters of mercury).
Elevated blood pressure range is 120-129/less than 80 mm Hg.
Hypertension stage 1 range is 130-139/80-89 mm Hg.
Hypertension stage 2 range is 140 or higher/90 or higher mm Hg.Hypertensive crisis range is higher than 180/higher than 120 mm Hg.
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