A client with end-stage Alzheimer’s disease is brought to the clinic by the caregiver for an appointment with the healthcare provider.

The caregiver speaks privately to the nurse about not sleeping well at night and experiencing frequent periods of crying.

Which intervention should the nurse implement?

Advise to have a case management evaluation of the client’s home environment.

Tell the caregiver to consider hiring a private duty nurse for time to be away.

Propose the extended family could return to the area to help provide assistance.

Suggest social services be contacted to find a respite care facility for the client.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale
While having a case management evaluation of the client’s home environment can provide valuable information and potential solutions for caregiving challenges, it does not directly address the caregiver’s immediate need for relief and support.

Choice B rationale

Hiring a private duty nurse could provide the caregiver with some time away from caregiving duties. However, this may not be a feasible option for many caregivers due to the cost associated with private nursing care.

Choice C rationale
Proposing that extended family could return to the area to help provide assistance assumes that such help is available and willing. This may not be the case for many caregivers.

Choice D rationale
Suggesting that social services be contacted to find a respite care facility for the client directly addresses the caregiver’s need for relief and support. Respite care provides temporary relief for primary caregivers, allowing them to rest and take care of their own needs. This can help to alleviate symptoms of caregiver burnout, such as poor sleep and frequent crying.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Using a cushion when sitting can provide comfort but does not directly address the client’s electrolyte imbalance, elevated blood pressure, or weight gain.

Choice B rationale
Offering a high protein diet can be beneficial for clients with hepatic failure to support liver regeneration and prevent malnutrition. However, it does not directly address the client’s immediate issues.

Choice C rationale

Providing only distilled water does not address the client’s electrolyte imbalance, elevated blood pressure, or weight gain. In fact, it could potentially exacerbate electrolyte imbalances.

Choice D rationale
Documenting abdominal girth can help monitor for fluid accumulation (ascites), a common complication of hepatic failure that can contribute to weight gain and elevated blood pressure.

A. Monitor capillary refill distal to the infusion site. B. Apply a topical anesthetic at the infusion site for burning. C. Assess IV site frequently for signs of extravasation. D. Explain that temporary burning at the IV site may occur.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Monitoring capillary refill distal to the infusion site is a general nursing intervention during IV therapy. However, it is not specific to the administration of a vesicant chemotherapeutic agent.

Choice B rationale
Applying a topical anesthetic at the infusion site for burning is not a standard intervention during the administration of a vesicant chemotherapeutic agent. The burning sensation is not due to the IV site but due to the vesicant agent itself.

Choice C rationale
Assessing the IV site frequently for signs of extravasation is the most appropriate intervention during the administration of a vesicant chemotherapeutic agent. Extravasation, the leakage of the vesicant into the surrounding tissue, can cause severe local tissue damage. Early detection and intervention are crucial to minimize harm.

Choice D rationale
While it is important to explain potential side effects to the client, explaining that temporary burning at the IV site may occur is not the most crucial intervention. The priority is to monitor for and prevent extravasation.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse identifies an electrolyte imbalance, elevated blood pressure, and a weight gain of 4.4 lbs (2 kg) in 24 hours in a client with hepatic failure. Which intervention should the nurse include in the plan of care?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Which intervention should the nurse implement during the administration of a vesicant chemotherapeutic agent via an intravenous (IV) site in the client’s arm?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A patient with diabetic peripheral neuropathy has been taking pregabalin for the past four days. Which finding would indicate to the nurse that the medication is effective?

The client is a 26-year-old female who fell from an apartment balcony. She was transported to the hospital via ambulance. The client enters the emergency room on a stretcher and is met in the trauma bay by the nurse. What two actions should the nurse take first during the primary survey?

A school-aged patient was recently diagnosed with type I diabetes mellitus. What symptom did the patient’s parents most likely report?

A male adult is admitted due to an overdose of acetaminophen. After being transferred to the mental health unit, the patient is informed that he has liver damage. What is the most crucial information for the nurse to include in the patient’s discharge plan?

A patient with pancreatic cancer develops ascites, and 2 liters of fluid are removed via paracentesis. What schedule should the nurse follow to monitor the patient’s blood pressure after this procedure?

A nurse in the emergency department is collecting evidence for a rape kit from a woman who reports that she was raped while returning to her dormitory from the university library. Which intervention is most crucial for the nurse to implement?

A client on the mental health unit has been displaying signs of agitation, such as scowling and pacing rapidly up and down the hallway for several minutes. Which behaviors should the nurse prioritize for monitoring?