A client with aortic regurgitation is being transferred from the critical care unit to the step-down unit. The nurse receiving the patient in the step-down unit is aware that aortic regurgitation causes:
Blood to flow back from the left atrium to the left ventricle
Blood to flow back from the aorta to the left ventricle
Obstruction of blood from the left atrium to the left ventricle
Obstruction of blood flow from the left ventricle
The Correct Answer is B
A. Blood flowing back from the left atrium to the left ventricle describes mitral regurgitation, not aortic regurgitation.
B. Aortic regurgitation involves the backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole due to an incompetent aortic valve. This leads to volume overload in the left ventricle.
C. Obstruction of blood from the left atrium to the left ventricle occurs in mitral stenosis, not aortic regurgitation.
D. Obstruction of blood flow from the left ventricle is characteristic of aortic stenosis, not aortic regurgitation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]
Explanation
A. Increased blood pressure occurs due to excess fluid volume increasing vascular pressure.
B. Hematocrit typically decreases in fluid overload due to dilution, not increases.
C. Increased respiratory rate is common due to pulmonary congestion or edema.
D. Increased heart rate occurs as the heart works harder to manage the excess fluid volume.
E. Increased temperature is not a typical finding in fluid overload.
Correct Answer is []
Explanation
Potential Condition: Atrial Fibrillation
The client presents with an irregular, tachycardic rhythm with unclear P waves, which are classic signs of atrial fibrillation (AF). Symptoms such as palpitations, dizziness, and shortness of breath are common with AF, particularly with a rapid ventricular response.
Actions to Take
• Administer an anticoagulant: AF increases the risk of thrombus formation in the atria, which can lead to embolic stroke. Anticoagulation reduces this risk, especially in symptomatic or persistent cases.
• Obtain a 12-lead ECG: This helps confirm the diagnosis, assess the rhythm in detail, and rule out other arrhythmias or ischemic changes that may be present.
Parameters to Monitor
• Manifestations of stroke: Clients with AF are at increased risk for embolic stroke. Neurological status should be closely monitored for signs of confusion, facial droop, weakness, or speech changes.
• PTT/INR: These lab values help assess coagulation status, particularly when anticoagulants such as warfarin or heparin are initiated, to ensure therapeutic levels and avoid bleeding complications.
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