A client with a primary brain tumor is to receive radiation after undergoing surgery to remove the tumor. The nurse knows that they may not receive chemotherapy because of the following reason.

Chemotherapy has side effects

Difficulty for chemotherapy to go through the blood-brain barrier

Chemotherapy is not needed with brain tumors as they never metastasize

Chemotherapy is not used to treat cancer

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. While chemotherapy does have side effects, this is not the primary reason for its limited use in treating brain tumors. Side effects are a consideration but not the main obstacle.

B. The blood-brain barrier is a selective permeability barrier that limits the ability of many chemotherapy drugs to pass from the bloodstream into the brain tissue. This makes it difficult for chemotherapy to effectively treat brain tumors.

C. Brain tumors can metastasize and spread to other parts of the body, so chemotherapy may still be needed, especially in cases of malignant tumors.

D. Chemotherapy is commonly used to treat cancer, including brain tumors, but the blood-brain barrier poses a significant challenge in its effectiveness.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Dopamine is the neurotransmitter that is decreased in individuals with Parkinson's disease. Parkinson's disease is characterized by the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain, leading to motor symptoms such as tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia. Levodopa, a precursor to dopamine, is used to increase dopamine levels in the brain and alleviate symptoms.

B. Norepinephrine is involved in mood regulation and other functions, but it is not the primary neurotransmitter involved in Parkinson's disease.

C. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that affects mood, sleep, and appetite, but it is not the primary neurotransmitter involved in Parkinson's disease.

D. Glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter, but its role is more related to other conditions like neurodegenerative diseases such as ALS, rather than Parkinson's disease.

A. Concussion B. Brainstem contusion C. Subdural hematoma D. Epidural hematoma

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. A concussion is considered a mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) that typically results in a temporary loss of brain function. It is often caused by a blow to the head and may result in confusion, dizziness, and loss of consciousness. However, if concussions occur repeatedly, they can lead to long-term cognitive impairment and other serious conditions like chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE).

B. A brainstem contusion is a more severe injury that affects the brainstem, which controls vital functions like breathing and heart rate. It is not classified as a mild injury.

C. A subdural hematoma is a collection of blood between the brain and its outermost covering. It is a serious condition that can result from a traumatic brain injury and is not considered mild.

D. An epidural hematoma is a collection of blood between the skull and the dura mater. It is often caused by a traumatic head injury and is considered a medical emergency, not a mild injury.

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A client with a primary brain tumor is to receive radiation after undergoing surgery to remove the tumor. The nurse knows that they may not receive chemotherapy because of the following reason.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A common medication treatment for Parkinson's disease is levodopa/carbidopa combination medication. The nurse knows that this medication is used because which of the following neurotransmitter is decreased in a person with Parkinson's disease?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

What is considered a mild brain injury, unless the injury occurs repeatedly?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client has a herniated lumbar disk at L5. The nurse knows that which of the following symptoms needs to be immediately reported to the RN or physician?

A traumatic brain injury on the brainstem can cause which of the following?

The nurse is providing care for a patient diagnosed with a stroke resulting in language disorder. Which type of disorder does the nurse recognize if the patient raises an arm in response to the nurse's direction to stick out his tongue?

A nurse is caring for a client who has a seizure disorder and reports experiencing an aura. The nurse should recognize the client is experiencing which of the following conditions?

A nurse is caring for a client who has Alzheimer's disease. The nurse discovers the client entering the room of another client, who becomes upset and frightened. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

What infection control precaution is a client diagnosed with bacterial meningitis instituted?

A nurse is assisting with the plan of care for a client who is 1 day postoperative following spinal fusion. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?