A client with a full-thickness burn to the front of the left leg underwent skin grafting.
The nurse notes pain 6/10, dressing dry and intact, and slight edema at the graft site. Which action is the priority?
Elevate the affected extremity.
Inspect the graft site.
Ensure the patient does not lie on the newly grafted skin area.
Administer prescribed analgesic.
The Correct Answer is A
Post-operative skin graft care focuses on maximizing graft take by reducing edema and preventing shearing. Knowledge of tissue perfusion and fluid dynamics is necessary to prioritize actions that minimize swelling, which can lift the graft from the bed.
Choice A rationale
Elevating the affected extremity reduces edema at the graft site by promoting venous return. Excessive swelling can separate the new graft from the underlying vascular bed, preventing necessary revascularization and leading to graft failure or necrosis.
Choice B rationale
Inspecting the graft site is important, but the nurse should generally not disturb the initial surgical dressing. Frequent inspection increases the risk of shearing or dislodging the delicate graft before it has successfully adhered to the site.
Choice C rationale
Ensuring the patient does not lie on the graft is a standard intervention to prevent pressure and shearing. However, in the presence of noted edema, elevation is the priority action to ensure the graft remains viable.
Choice D rationale
Administering analgesics addresses the pain level of 6/10, which is important for comfort. However, pain is expected, whereas reducing edema through elevation is functionally more critical to the physiological success and survival of the graft.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Acute stroke management requires rapid application of the time-is-brain principle. Knowledge of the differential diagnosis between ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes is vital. Practitioners must prioritize diagnostic imaging that safely identifies hemorrhage to determine if thrombolytic therapy is indicated.
Choice A rationale
A non-contrast CT scan is the gold standard for initial stroke assessment to rule out intracranial hemorrhage. It is faster than an MRI and avoids contrast, which can mimic blood or cause kidney injury in emergencies.
Choice B rationale
Contrast is avoided during the initial emergency scan because it can leak into brain tissue and appear hyperdense. This mimics the appearance of acute blood, making it difficult to distinguish between a bleed and ischemia.
Choice C rationale
Thrombolytics cannot be administered until a CT scan confirms the absence of a hemorrhage. Giving these drugs to a patient with a brain bleed would cause catastrophic worsening of the condition and potential death.
Choice D rationale
While IV access and hydration are important, they are secondary to identifying the type of stroke. Diagnostic imaging must occur first to facilitate the most time-sensitive treatments like fibrinolysis or mechanical thrombectomy for ischemia.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The nurse must apply knowledge of protein metabolism and hepatic pathophysiology. When blood is digested in the gastrointestinal tract, it serves as a massive protein load. Understanding how the body processes these proteins helps identify specific markers of internal bleeding.
Choice A rationale
Hemoglobin A1c measures average blood glucose levels over the preceding three months. It is used to monitor long-term glycemic control in diabetic patients and does not change in response to acute gastrointestinal bleeding or protein digestion.
Choice B rationale
Blood contains high amounts of protein. When digested, bacteria break down these proteins into ammonia, which the liver normally converts to urea. Elevated BUN, typically 10 to 20 mg/dL, indicates the absorption of blood proteins.
Choice C rationale
Bilirubin levels, normally 0.3 to 1.0 mg/dL, usually increase in cirrhosis due to impaired hepatic processing. Digestion of blood would not cause a decrease in bilirubin; rather, hemolysis or liver failure would typically cause these levels to rise.
Choice D rationale
Chloride is an extracellular anion with a normal range of 98 to 107 mEq/L. Serum chloride levels are primarily affected by acid-base balance and renal function, not by the digestion and absorption of blood in the intestinal tract.
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