A client who has tested positive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies is admitted to the hospital with Pneumocystis Jiroveci Pneumonia (PCP) and a CD4+ T - Cell count of less than 200 cells/ ul. Based on the diagnostic criteria established by the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), which statement by the nurse is correct?

"The client meets the criteria for the chronic asymptomatic HIV infection phase."

"The clients CD4+ T cell count is within normal range."

"The client meets the criteria for the acute HIV infection phase."

"The client has developed Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Chronic asymptomatic HIV infection refers to a phase with no opportunistic infections and higher CD4+ counts.

B. A CD4+ T cell count below 200 cells/μL is abnormal and diagnostic of AIDS, not within the normal range.

C. The acute HIV infection phase occurs shortly after exposure, characterized by flu-like symptoms and high viral load, not opportunistic infections.

D. The presence of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (an AIDS-defining illness) and a CD4+ T cell count below 200 cells/μL confirms a diagnosis of AIDS.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Stool frequency does not directly evaluate the prevention of stress ulcers or gastrointestinal bleeding.

B. Fecal occult test directly assesses for hidden gastrointestinal bleeding, making it the best evaluation method.

C. Bowel sounds, while important for general gastrointestinal assessment, bowel sounds do not directly evaluate the effectiveness of Esomeprazole in preventing bleeding.

D. Abdominal distention may indicate a variety of issues but is not specific to assessing the effectiveness of a proton pump inhibitor.

A. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) B. uroflowmetry studies C. cystourethroscopy D. transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS)

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be used in some cases, but TRUS is more commonly used to guide biopsies after concerns arise from DRE or PSA findings.

B. Uroflowmetry studies measure urine flow, which is not the primary concern in evaluating an enlarged prostate related to potential cancer.

C. Cystourethroscopy is used to evaluate the bladder or urethra and is not typically needed in the assessment of an enlarged prostate.

D. Transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) is commonly used in the evaluation of prostate abnormalities, especially when there are concerns about prostate cancer due to an abnormal DRE or elevated PSA. It helps in visualizing the prostate and guiding biopsy.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The proton pump inhibitor Esomeprazole (Nexium) is prescribed for a client who incurred extensive burn injuries 5 days ago. Which nursing assessment would best evaluate the effectiveness of the drug?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse will anticipate that a 61-year-old client who has an enlarged prostate detected by digital rectal exam (DRE) and an elevated prostate specific antigen (PSA) level will need teaching about

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse reviews a client's laboratory results. Which findings would alert the nurse to the possibility of atherosclerosis? (Select all that apply.)

The nurse taking a focused health history for a client with possible testicular cancer will ask the client about a history of

A client has just been admitted with a 60% total body surface area (TBSA) burn injury. The nurse notes a distended abdomen with absent bowel sounds in all quadrants. To maintain adequate nutrition, the nurse should plan to take which action?

A client who has been anticoagulated with warfarin (Coumadin) has been admitted for gastrointestinal bleeding. The history and physical examination indicates that the client may have been taken too much warfarin. The nurse anticipates that client will receive which antidote?

The nurse in the women's health clinic has four clients who are waiting to be seen. Which client should the nurse see first?

The nurse is taking a history of a 68-year-old woman. What assessment findings would indicate a high risk for the development of breast cancer? (Select all that apply.)

After reviewing the client's chart upon admission to the unit, the nurse consults the healthcare provider about a new order for lovastatin (Mevacor). What triggered the nurse's action?

The healthcare provider orders dobutamine at 12 mcg/kg/min. The client weighs 75 kg. The pharmacy provides 250 mL of D5W with 1 g of dobutamine. How many mL/hr should the IV pump be programmed for? (Round to a whole number.)