A client who has chronic renal failure and has been on dialysis for 2 years has been wondering why he is anemic. The nurse explains that anemia accompanies chronic renal failure because of:
Inadequate retention of serum sodium (Na).
Inadequate production of erythropoietin.
Blood loss in the urine.
Renal desensitization to Vitamin D.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Inadequate retention of serum sodium is not typically associated with anemia in chronic renal failure.
Choice B reason: Inadequate production of erythropoietin is the correct answer because the kidneys produce erythropoietin, which stimulates the bone marrow to produce red blood cells. In chronic renal failure, the kidneys cannot produce enough erythropoietin, leading to anemia.
Choice C reason: While blood loss in the urine can occur, it is not the primary cause of anemia in chronic renal failure.
Choice D reason: Renal desensitization to Vitamin D affects bone health and calcium levels but is not the primary cause of anemia in chronic renal failure.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Dabigatran does not specifically slow the ventricular response; medications like beta-blockers are typically used for rate control in atrial fibrillation.
Choice B reason: Dabigatran is an anticoagulant that reduces the risk of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation by preventing clot formation.
Choice C reason: Dabigatran does not convert atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm; that would be the role of antiarrhythmic drugs or procedures like cardioversion.
Choice D reason: While dabigatran can prevent clots from forming, it is not used to dissolve existing clots; thrombolytic agents are used for that purpose.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: An INR of 0.9 is within the normal range (0.8-1.2) and does not support the presence of bruising or bleeding disorders.
Choice B reason: A hematocrit level of 28% is below the normal range (36%-50% for women, 40%-54% for men), indicating anemia, but it does not directly explain bruising or petechiae.
Choice C reason: A WBC count of 4500 is within the normal range (4500-11000), suggesting that there is no active infection or leukocytosis that would explain the bruising.
Choice D reason: A platelet count of 60000 is below the normal range (150000-450000), which can lead to easy bruising and petechiae, supporting the nurse's observation.
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