A client who has a history of migraines reports to a clinic with a throbbing headache. Which of the following questions should the nurse include in the assessment?
(Select All that Apply.)

"Have you had any nausea and vomiting with your headache?"

"Are you bothered by the lights in here?"

"Have you noticed any confused or cloudy thinking?"

"Have you experienced or are you experiencing any strange smells?"

"Did you feel weak before the headache started or do you feel weak now?"

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,D

Choice A Reason:

"Have you had any nausea and vomiting with your headache?": This question is appropriate. Nausea and vomiting are common symptoms associated with migraines. Asking about these symptoms can help confirm the diagnosis of a migraine headache.

Choice B Reason:

"Are you bothered by the lights in here?" This question is appropriate. Sensitivity to light, known as photophobia, is a classic symptom of migraines. Inquiring about light sensitivity can provide additional evidence for the diagnosis.

Choice C Reason:

"Have you noticed any confused or cloudy thinking?". This question is inappropriate. Confusion or cognitive symptoms are not typical of migraines. However, some individuals may experience difficulty concentrating or cognitive symptoms during a migraine aura. This question may help assess for aura symptoms.

Choice D Reason
Have you experienced or are you experiencing any strange smells?" This question is appropriate. Some individuals may experience olfactory hallucinations or sensitivity to odors during a migraine aura. Asking about strange smells can help identify possible aura symptoms.

Choice E Reason:

"Did you feel weak before the headache started or do you feel weak now?" This question is inappropriate. While weakness is not a typical symptom of migraines, some individuals may experience fatigue or muscle weakness during a migraine attack. This question may help assess the overall impact of the headache on the client.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Bronchopneumonia is incorrect. Bronchopneumonia is characterized by patchy areas of consolidation involving multiple lobules scattered throughout the lungs. It typically results from bronchial obstruction and aspiration of infected material into the smaller airways and alveoli.

Choice B Reason:

Severe pneumonia is incorrect. "Severe pneumonia" is a broad term that can refer to pneumonia with various degrees of severity. It does not specifically describe the pattern of consolidation involving the entire lobe of the lung.

Choice C Reason:

Empyema is incorrect. Empyema refers to the accumulation of pus in the pleural cavity, often as a complication of pneumonia. It does not describe the pattern of consolidation within the lung tissue.

Choice D Reason:

Lobar pneumonia is correct. Lobar pneumonia is characterized by consolidation involving an entire lobe or lobes of the lung. It typically results from infection by a single pathogen, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, which leads to inflammation and consolidation of an entire lobe of the lung.

A. "Cerebral edema is caused by osmotic cerebral edema." B. "Cerebral edema is caused by whole body inflammation which affects the brain the most." C. "Cerebral edema is caused by the by-products of the pathogen that causes the meningitis." D. "Cerebral edema is caused by cerebrospinal fluid flowing from the intraventricular space to the interstitial area of the brain."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

"Cerebral edema is caused by osmotic cerebral edema.": While osmotic imbalances can contribute to cerebral edema in certain situations, such as in cases of hyponatremia or hypertonic solutions, this response does not specifically address the underlying mechanism of cerebral edema in meningitis.

Choice B Reason:

"Cerebral edema is caused by whole body inflammation which affects the brain the most.": While inflammation plays a role, this statement is too broad. Meningitis specifically involves inflammation of the meninges (protective layers around the brain and spinal cord) rather than whole-body inflammation.

Choice C Reason:

"Cerebral edema is caused by the by-products of the pathogen that causes the meningitis.":This statement is partially correct. In bacterial or viral meningitis, the inflammatory response triggered by the pathogen can lead to cerebral edema. The release of cytokines and other inflammatory mediators contributes to cerebral edema.

Choice D Reason:

"Cerebral edema is caused by cerebrospinal fluid flowing from the intraventricular space to the interstitial area of the brain.": This response inaccurately describes the mechanism of cerebral edema. Cerebral edema typically occurs due to increased fluid accumulation within the brain tissue rather than the flow of cerebrospinal fluid between compartments.

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A client who has a history of migraines reports to a clinic with a throbbing headache. Which of the following questions should the nurse include in the assessment? (Select All that Apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

In which of the following types of pneumonia does consolidation involve the entire lobe of the lung?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client admitted with meningitis. The student nurse asks, "I know that the client has a lot of edemas in the brain, but what causes it?" Which of the following responses from the nurse best answers the student's question?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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A client is seeking treatment for a respiratory infection at a local clinic. During the visit, the client verbalizes concern about the cost of medication and the inability to pay for it. Which of the following responses should the nurse use?

A client who has a history of migraines reports to a clinic with a throbbing headache. Which of the following questions should the nurse include in the assessment?
(Select All that Apply.)