A client who fractured the right femur from a fall at home is placed in skeletal traction while awaiting surgery. When the client tells the nurse the need to urinate, which intervention should the nurse implement?

Log roll the client and place adult disposable briefs beneath the client.

Maintain traction while the client uses a urinal.

Release the traction so the client can use a bedpan.

Insert an indwelling urinary catheter preoperatively.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Log rolling the client and placing adult disposable briefs beneath the client is not a correct intervention, as it can cause displacement or misalignment of the fracture, which can lead to complications, such as delayed healing, nerve damage, or infection. Log rolling is a technique that involves moving the client as a unit, without twisting or bending the spine. Adult disposable briefs are absorbent pads that can be worn to manage urinary incontinence.

Choice B reason: Maintaining traction while the client uses a urinal is the correct intervention, as it can prevent the disruption of the fracture stabilization and allow the client to void comfortably and safely. Traction is a force that is applied to the fractured bone to reduce, align, and immobilize it. A urinal is a container that can be used to collect urine from the client, without requiring the client to get out of bed or change position.

Choice C reason: Releasing the traction so the client can use a bedpan is not a correct intervention, as it can compromise the fracture reduction and alignment, and cause pain and discomfort to the client. A bedpan is a shallow vessel that can be used to collect urine or feces from the client, by placing it under the client's buttocks. Releasing the traction can also increase the risk of bleeding, swelling, or infection.

Choice D reason: Inserting an indwelling urinary catheter preoperatively is not a necessary intervention, unless the client has urinary retention, obstruction, or infection. An indwelling urinary catheter is a tube that is inserted into the bladder through the urethra, and attached to a drainage bag. An indwelling urinary catheter can pose risks of trauma, infection, or bladder spasms, and should be avoided unless indicated.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Providing the first medication prescribed for pain management is the best intervention that the nurse can implement first, because it can prevent the escalation of pain and reduce the need for higher doses later. The nurse should follow the principles of pain management, such as administering analgesics before pain becomes severe, using a multimodal approach, and individualizing the plan of care.

Choice B reason: Reviewing medical records to obtain pain tolerance expectations is not a priority intervention that the nurse should implement first, because it may not reflect the current pain level or needs of the client. Pain tolerance is influenced by many factors, such as culture, age, gender, and previous experiences, and it may vary from person to person and from situation to situation.

Choice C reason: Waiting until the client is awake before providing pain management is not a recommended intervention that the nurse should implement first, because it can lead to inadequate pain relief and delayed recovery. The nurse should not assume that the client is not in pain because of sedation, but should use other indicators, such as vital signs, facial expressions, and body movements, to assess pain.

Choice D reason: Attempting to obtain a self-report of pain level from the client is not a feasible intervention that the nurse should implement first, because the client may not be able to respond due to sedation. The nurse should use a valid and reliable pain assessment tool that is appropriate for the client's condition, such as the Behavioral Pain Scale (BPS) or the Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT), to measure pain.

A. Begin a weight loss program. B. Drink 1 to 2 glasses of wine at bedtime. C. Take sedatives prior to sleep. D. Sleep with the head of the bed flat.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Beginning a weight loss program can help reduce the severity of OSA, which is a condition that causes repeated episodes of breathing cessation during sleep due to upper airway obstruction. Excess weight can contribute to OSA by increasing the fat deposits around the neck and throat, which can narrow the airway and make it more prone to collapse. Losing weight can help improve the airflow and reduce the need for CPAP therapy.

Choice B reason: Drinking 1 to 2 glasses of wine at bedtime can worsen OSA, which is a condition that requires adequate oxygenation and ventilation during sleep. Alcohol can relax the muscles of the throat and tongue, which can increase the risk of airway obstruction and apnea. Alcohol can also disrupt the sleep cycle and quality, which can affect the overall health and well-being of the client.

Choice C reason: Taking sedatives prior to sleep can also worsen OSA, which is a condition that requires alertness and arousal during sleep to resume breathing after an apneic episode. Sedatives can depress the central nervous system and the respiratory drive, which can reduce the responsiveness and the ability to overcome the airway obstruction. Sedatives can also have adverse effects, such as drowsiness, confusion, and dependency.

Choice D reason: Sleeping with the head of the bed flat can also worsen OSA, which is a condition that requires optimal positioning and alignment during sleep to prevent the airway obstruction. Sleeping with the head of the bed flat can cause the tongue and the soft palate to fall back and block the airway, especially when lying on the back. Sleeping with the head of the bed elevated can help open the airway and reduce the snoring and the apnea.

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A client who fractured the right femur from a fall at home is placed in skeletal traction while awaiting surgery. When the client tells the nurse the need to urinate, which intervention should the nurse implement?

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