A client newly diagnosed with schizophrenia asks the nurse “Will I pass this disease on to my children?” What is the best response?
“The risk of getting schizophrenia is low, and most people with a close relative with the condition will not develop it themselves.”.
“Schizophrenia is caused by genetic factors and your children will develop the disease ten times more often than the general public.”.
“There is a 50% chance that your child will be born with schizophrenia, so keep them out of crowded places and high anxiety situations.”.
“Females with schizophrenia are infertile and unable to carry a full-term pregnancy, but most of the people who are affected are male.”.
The Correct Answer is A
Schizophrenia is a disorder that has genetic risk factors, but is not caused by a single gene. The risk of developing schizophrenia is higher if you have a close relative with the disorder, but it is not certain. The risk varies depending on the degree of relatedness and the number of genes involved. The heritability of schizophrenia, which measures how much of the risk is due to genetic factors, is estimated to be between 60% to 80%.
Choice B is wrong because it exaggerates the risk of schizophrenia for children of affected parents. The risk is about 10%, not 10 times more than the general public.
Choice C is wrong because it gives a false and misleading statistic.
There is no 50% chance that a child will be born with schizophrenia, and there is no evidence that crowded places and high anxiety situations can cause the disorder.
Choice D is wrong because it is based on false and outdated stereotypes. Females with schizophrenia are not infertile and can carry a full-term pregnancy, but most of the people who are affected are male.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
This statement suggests that the client needs further teaching because haloperidol is a medication that needs to be taken regularly and consistently to prevent relapse of symptoms related to schizophrenia. Stopping the medication abruptly can cause withdrawal effects and worsen the condition.
Choice B is wrong because it shows that the client understands the potential interaction between alcohol and haloperidol, which can increase the risk of sedation, drowsiness, and low blood pressure.
Choice C is wrong because it indicates that the client has realistic expectations about the onset of action of haloperidol, which can take several days or weeks to show improvement of symptoms.
Choice D is wrong because it demonstrates that the client is aware of the possible side effect of photosensitivity caused by haloperidol, which can make the skin more prone to sunburn and damage.
Haloperidol is an antipsychotic drug that works by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain. It is used to treat symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, paranoia, and disorganized thinking in schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. The normal dosage range for haloperidol is 0.5 to 20 mg per day, depending on the severity of the condition and the response to treatment. Some of the common side effects of haloperidol include extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), such as muscle stiffness, tremors, restlessness, and abnormal movements; neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), which is a rare but serious condition characterized by fever, muscle rigidity, altered mental status, and autonomic instability; and tardive dyskinesia (TD), which is a chronic movement disorder that involves involuntary movements of the tongue, lips, face, and limbs. Haloperidol can also cause weight gain, dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, dizziness, insomnia, and sexual dysfunction.
Haloperidol should be used with caution in patients with cardiovascular disease, liver disease, seizure disorder, diabetes mellitus, thyroid dysfunction
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Cleanse from the innermost point outwards with a circular movement. This technique reduces the risk of contaminating the wound with bacteria from the surrounding skin.
Some possible explanations for the other choices are:
Choice A is wrong because hydrogen peroxide and betadine solution can damage healthy tissue and delay wound healing.
Choice B is wrong because cleansing the wound from the outer edges towards the center can introduce bacteria from the skin into the wound.
Choice C is wrong because using 4x4 gauze to the wound and surrounding skin three times can cause trauma and bleeding to the wound.
Normal ranges for pressure ulcer stages are:
- Stage I: A reddened, painful area on the skin that does not turn white when pressed.
- Stage II: The skin blisters or forms an open sore. The area around the sore may be red and irritated.
- Stage III: The skin develops an open, sunken hole called a crater or ulcer. The tissue below the skin is damaged.
- Stage IV: The pressure ulcer has become so deep that there is damage to the muscle and bone, and sometimes to tendons and joints.
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