A client is receiving 1000 mL 0.9% NaCl at 80 mL/hr. On arrival to the unit at 1500, the client has 400 mL of IV fluid remaining. At what time should the nurse expect to hang a new bag? (please use military time)

A. While pain is expected after any surgery, the focus of preoperative teaching should be on immediate post-operative expectations such as the presence of a chest tube, which is more critical for the nurse to prepare the client for. Pain management will be addressed postoperatively.
B. After a lobectomy, a chest tube is commonly placed to help drain excess air, fluid, or blood from the pleural space and prevent pneumothorax or other complications. This is a key part of the post-operative care for lung surgery.
C. Pulmonary function tests may be done before surgery to assess lung capacity and function, but they are not typically expected immediately after a lobectomy unless specified by the physician.
D. A lobectomy involves the removal of a portion of the lung, and the incision is usually made between the ribs, not through the sternum. The incision is generally intercostal, meaning it’s made between the ribs, not through the chest bone.

A. "I can't believe the doctor graduated from medical school. He doesn't know a thing about treating cancer?" This statement reflects anger rather than denial. In the anger stage of grief, individuals may direct their frustration toward others, including healthcare providers, feeling that they have been wronged or mistreated.

B. "Even though I am not hurting right now, I don't feel like I have the energy to get out of bed." This statement indicates depression rather than denial. Depression in the grieving process often includes feelings of fatigue, sadness, or a lack of motivation, and is characterized by a sense of hopelessness or resignation.

C. "The doctor has been so good to me. I know he has tried everything he can. It is just my time." This statement indicates acceptance, the final stage of the grief process. Acceptance involves coming to terms with the reality of the situation, recognizing that the end is near, and being at peace with it.

D. "The doctor says I only have a few months to live, but I know he is exaggerating to get me to take my medication." Denial is a defense mechanism in which the person refuses to accept the reality of the situation. In this case, the client is rejecting the doctor's prognosis, believing that the doctor is exaggerating, which is characteristic of the denial phase of grief.