A client is prescribed metformin for type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse instructs the client to take the medication with meals. What is the rationale for this instruction?
To reduce the risk of hypoglycemia
To enhance the absorption of the medication
To prevent gastrointestinal upset
To increase the effectiveness of the medication
The Correct Answer is C
A) Incorrect. Metformin does not cause hypoglycemia, as it does not stimulate insulin secretion. It lowers blood glucose levels by decreasing hepatic glucose production and increasing insulin sensitivity.
B) Incorrect. Metformin absorption is not affected by food intake. The medication can be taken with or without food, but taking it with meals can help reduce gastrointestinal side effects.
C) Correct. Metformin can cause gastrointestinal upset, such as nausea, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Taking it with meals can help minimize these effects by slowing down the transit of the medication through the digestive tract.
D) Incorrect. Metformin effectiveness is not influenced by food intake. The medication works by improving glucose metabolism and insulin action.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A) Incorrect. The client should not avoid eating foods that are high in vitamin K, such as leafy green vegetables, because they can interfere with the anticoagulant effect of warfarin. The client should maintain a consistent intake of vitamin K and follow a balanced diet.
B) Correct. The client should use a soft-bristled toothbrush to prevent bleeding from the gums, which can occur due to the increased risk of bleeding caused by warfarin. The client should also avoid using dental floss and electric razors.
C) Correct. The client should monitor their blood pressure regularly at home, as warfarin can affect blood pressure and increase the risk of stroke or bleeding complications. The client should report any abnormal readings to their provider.
D) Correct. The client should report any signs of bruising or bleeding to their provider, as they may indicate an adverse reaction to warfarin or an overdose. The client should also report any signs of infection, such as fever, sore throat, or pus, as they may increase the risk of bleeding.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A) Incorrect. Diarrhea is a common side effect of amoxicillin, but it is not a sign of an allergic reaction. The nurse should advise the client to drink plenty of fluids and eat foods that are high in fiber to prevent dehydration and constipation. The nurse should also instruct the client to report severe or bloody diarrhea, as it may indicate a serious condition called pseudomembranous colitis.
B) Correct. Rash is a sign of an allergic reaction to amoxicillin, and it may indicate a hypersensitivity or anaphylactic reaction. The nurse should instruct the client to report any rash, itching, hives, or swelling to their provider immediately and stop taking the medication.
C) Incorrect. Headache is a common side effect of amoxicillin, but it is not a sign of an allergic reaction. The nurse should advise the client to take over-the-counter analgesics, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, to relieve headache pain.
D) Incorrect. Nausea is a common side effect of amoxicillin, but it is not a sign of an allergic reaction. The nurse should advise the client to take the medication with food or milk to reduce nausea and vomiting.
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