A client is prescribed ferrous sulfate.
Before administering the drug, the nurse reviews the client's medical record.
The nurse would withhold the drug and contact the primary health care provider if the client's history revealed which of the following?

Choice A rationale:

The most appropriate action for the nurse in this situation is to inform the primary healthcare provider. When a patient with a known penicillin allergy requires a cephalosporin, it's essential to inform the primary healthcare provider because cephalosporins, while structurally related to penicillins, may or may not cross-react with penicillin allergies. The provider needs to assess the patient's allergy history and determine if it's safe to administer the cephalosporin.

Choice B rationale:

Obtaining the patient's occupational history is not the most appropriate action in this scenario. Allergic reactions to medications are not related to the patient's occupation, and it doesn't address the immediate concern of potential cross-reactivity between penicillin and cephalosporin allergies.

Choice C rationale:

Administering an antipyretic drug is not the most appropriate action in this case. The patient's known penicillin allergy and the need for a cephalosporin are the primary concerns. Treating a potential allergic reaction with an antipyretic should only be considered after consultation with the primary healthcare provider.

Choice D rationale:

Obtaining specimens for kidney function tests is not the most appropriate action in this situation. While assessing kidney function is important in some cases, it doesn't address the immediate issue of the patient's penicillin allergy and the need for a cephalosporin. The primary focus should be on ensuring the safety of the antibiotic choice.

Choice A rationale:

Protease inhibitors are a category of antiretroviral drugs used in the treatment of HIV. They work by affecting an enzyme called protease, which is necessary for the maturation of new viral particles. By inhibiting protease, these drugs prevent the formation of mature, infectious HIV particles.

Choice B rationale:

Reverse transcriptase inhibitors, including both nucleoside and non-nucleoside variants, target the enzyme reverse transcriptase. This enzyme is involved in the conversion of HIV RNA into DNA, an essential step in the viral life cycle. However, it's not about preventing the maturation of new viral particles, as mentioned in the question.

Choice C rationale:

Nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) also inhibit the reverse transcriptase enzyme, but they do so differently than protease inhibitors. While they are vital in HIV treatment, they do not specifically target the maturation of viral particles.

Choice D rationale:

Integrase inhibitors target the enzyme integrase, which is involved in the integration of viral DNA into the host cell's DNA. This step is crucial in the HIV life cycle, but it's not related to the maturation of new viral particles.