A client is admitted with the diagnosis of "left-sided embolic stroke". Which explanation best describes the most likely cause of the stroke?
A sacculated aneurysm in the circle of Willis
Rupture of small cerebral blood vessels
Diffuse inflammation of the small diameter blood vessels
Migration of a clot from the left atrium of the heart
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: A sacculated aneurysm in the circle of Willis is not the most likely cause of a left-sided embolic stroke. A sacculated aneurysm is a bulging of a weak spot in the wall of an artery, which may occur in the circle of Willis, a network of arteries at the base of the brain. A sacculated aneurysm may cause a hemorrhagic stroke, which is a bleeding into the brain, not an embolic stroke, which is a blockage of a blood vessel by a clot.
Choice B reason: Rupture of small cerebral blood vessels is not the most likely cause of a left-sided embolic stroke. Rupture of small cerebral blood vessels may occur due to hypertension, diabetes, or aging, which may damage the integrity of the blood vessel walls. Rupture of small cerebral blood vessels may cause a hemorrhagic stroke, which is a bleeding into the brain, not an embolic stroke, which is a blockage of a blood vessel by a clot.
Choice C reason: Diffuse inflammation of the small diameter blood vessels is not the most likely cause of a left-sided embolic stroke. Diffuse inflammation of the small diameter blood vessels may occur due to vasculitis, which is an autoimmune disorder that causes inflammation and narrowing of the blood vessels. Diffuse inflammation of the small diameter blood vessels may cause a thrombotic stroke, which is a formation of a clot within the blood vessel, not an embolic stroke, which is a blockage of a blood vessel by a clot that travels from another site.
Choice D reason: Migration of a clot from the left atrium of the heart is the best explanation for the most likely cause of a left-sided embolic stroke. An embolic stroke is a type of ischemic stroke, which is a lack of blood flow to the brain due to a blockage of a blood vessel by a clot. A clot may form in the left atrium of the heart due to conditions such as atrial fibrillation, which is an irregular heartbeat that causes blood to pool and clot in the heart. A clot may then break off and travel through the bloodstream until it reaches a smaller blood vessel in the brain, where it causes an embolic stroke.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Increased serum hydrostatic pressure is not the best explanation for the edema because it is caused by fluid overload, not malnutrition. Fluid overload can result from heart failure, kidney failure, or excessive fluid intake.
Choice B reason: Increased kidney filtration pressure is not the best explanation for the edema because it is caused by increased blood flow to the kidneys, not malnutrition. Increased blood flow to the kidneys can result from hypertension, diabetes, or renal artery stenosis.
Choice C reason: Decreased capillary osmotic pressure is the best explanation for the edema because it is caused by low plasma protein levels, which are common in malnutrition. Low plasma protein levels reduce the force that pulls fluid back into the capillaries from the interstitial space, leading to fluid accumulation in the tissues.
Choice D reason: Intracellular dehydration is not the best explanation for the edema because it is caused by loss of water from the cells, not malnutrition. Loss of water from the cells can result from hypernatremia, hyperglycemia, or osmotic diuresis.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Herpes simplex 2 virus is not the microorganism that causes infectious mononucleosis, but a different type of herpes virus that causes genital herpes. Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted infection that causes painful blisters and ulcers in the genital area.
Choice B reason: Epstein-Barr virus is the best explanation for the microorganism that causes infectious mononucleosis. Epstein-Barr virus is a type of herpes virus that infects the B lymphocytes, which are a type of white blood cells. It causes infectious mononucleosis, also known as mono or the kissing disease, which is a common infection that causes fever, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, and fatigue.
Choice C reason: Hepatitis C virus is not the microorganism that causes infectious mononucleosis, but a different type of virus that causes hepatitis C. Hepatitis C is a blood-borne infection that affects the liver. It causes inflammation, scarring, and cirrhosis of the liver, which may lead to liver failure or cancer.
Choice D reason: Rubella virus is not the microorganism that causes infectious mononucleosis, but a different type of virus that causes rubella. Rubella, also known as German measles, is a mild infection that causes a rash, fever, and swollen glands. It is preventable by vaccination and can be dangerous for pregnant women, as it may cause birth defects or miscarriage.
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