A client is admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) after a colon resection with the formation of a loop colostomy. The nurse determines the client's abdominal dressing is clean and dry. Vital signs are temperature 100° F (37.8° C) orally, heart rate 132 beats/minute, blood pressure 88/65 mm Hg, and urine output 10 mL/hour. Which intervention should the nurse implement?

Place a cooling blanket on the client.

Administer an antipyretic agent.

Give a 500 mL IV fluid bolus challenge.

Titrate IV vasopressor for systolic less than 80.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Place a cooling blanket on the client. A temperature of 100°F (37.8°C) is only mildly elevated and does not require active cooling. The priority concern is hemodynamic instability due to hypovolemia, not fever management. Cooling blankets are typically used for high fevers (≥ 102°F or 38.9°C).
B. Administer an antipyretic agent. While fever may indicate postoperative infection or inflammatory response, the client’s most critical issue is hypotension and low urine output, suggesting hypovolemia or early shock. Treating the underlying cause (fluid loss) is more urgent than giving an antipyretic.
C. Give a 500 mL IV fluid bolus challenge. The client has tachycardia (132 bpm), hypotension (88/65 mm Hg), and oliguria (10 mL/hour), all of which suggest hypovolemic shock, a common postoperative complication. A fluid bolus (typically 500–1000 mL of isotonic crystalloid such as normal saline or lactated Ringer’s) is the first-line treatment to restore intravascular volume, improve blood pressure, and increase urine output.
D. Titrate IV vasopressor for systolic less than 80. Vasopressors (e.g., norepinephrine) are not the first-line treatment for hypovolemic shock. Fluids should be administered first to correct volume loss before considering vasopressors. If hypotension persists despite adequate fluid resuscitation, vasopressors may be initiated.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Muffled heart tones. Muffled heart tones in a client with blunt chest trauma are a key sign of cardiac tamponade, a life-threatening emergency where blood or fluid accumulates in the pericardial sac, preventing proper cardiac filling. This condition is part of Beck's triad (muffled heart tones, hypotension, and jugular vein distention) and requires immediate intervention, such as pericardiocentesis, to relieve pressure on the heart.
B. Bilateral sonorous wheezes. While wheezing indicates airway obstruction or bronchospasm, it is not as immediately life-threatening as cardiac tamponade. The nurse should continue monitoring and consider interventions like bronchodilators, but the priority is addressing muffled heart tones.
C. Widening pulse pressure. A widening pulse pressure (increased difference between systolic and diastolic BP) is typically associated with increased intracranial pressure (ICP) rather than blunt chest trauma. In chest trauma, a narrowing pulse pressure (e.g., in hypovolemic or obstructive shock) would be a greater concern.
D. Decreased urinary output. Reduced urine output may indicate shock or poor perfusion, but it is not the most urgent finding compared to muffled heart tones, which suggest impending cardiovascular collapse. While decreased urinary output should be addressed, cardiac tamponade takes priority due to the immediate risk of death.

A. Suture removal kit. B. Suction catheter. C. Sterile gauze dressing. D. Sterile piston syringe.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Suture removal kit. A suture removal kit is used when the chest tube is ready for removal, but it is not necessary to keep at the bedside during routine chest tube management. The priority is ensuring emergency supplies are available if the tube becomes dislodged.
B. Suction catheter. A suction catheter is used to remove secretions from the airway but is not essential for managing a chest tube. Chest drainage systems function independently to remove air or fluid, and routine suctioning is not required for chest tube management.
C. Sterile gauze dressing. If the chest tube accidentally dislodges, an occlusive dressing (such as sterile gauze with petroleum jelly) should be applied immediately to prevent air from re-entering the pleural space, which could lead to a tension pneumothorax. Keeping sterile gauze at the bedside ensures rapid intervention in case of accidental chest tube removal.
D. Sterile piston syringe. A sterile piston syringe is used for irrigating wounds or suctioning secretions, but it is not necessary for chest tube management. The closed drainage system should never be manually flushed unless specifically ordered by a healthcare provider.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client is brought to the emergency department (ED) following a motor vehicle collision with blunt trauma to the chest. Which finding should the nurse report immediately to the healthcare provider (HCP)?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client has a chest tube connected to a closed water-seal drainage system with suction. Which equipment should the nurse always have available at the client's bedside?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client has been treated for uncontrolled atrial fibrillation with cardioversion. Following the cardioversion, which assessment finding indicates to the nurse that the desired outcome was achieved?

Exhibits Based on the client's laboratory values at 1600, which are appropriate nursing actions? Select all that apply.

The nurse is collecting a blood sample for a mixed venous oxygen saturation (SVO2) level from the distal lumen of a pulmonary artery (PA) catheter of a client in cardiogenic shock. Which action should the nurse implement?

Twelve hours following orthopedic surgery on the right leg, the client begins to have acute chest pain and difficulty breathing. Which action should the nurse take first?