A client is admitted to the emergency room with a head injury. The client denies a previous history of seizures or head injury. What would the nurse most likely find when assessing a client diagnosed with a frontal lobe contusion following a motor vehicle accident?

Choice A reason: Thin, gray-white discharge suggests infection like bacterial vaginosis, not menopause. Menopause features dryness, not discharge, making this unrelated to hormonal decline, excluding it as a trigger for menopause education in this case fully here.
Choice B reason: Urinary difficulty may relate to aging or prolapse, not directly menopause. While estrogen loss can affect the urethra, it’s less specific than vaginal symptoms, rendering it secondary for menopause-focused education entirely and accurately here.
Choice C reason: Irregular bleeding and vaginal dryness are hallmark menopause signs, from estrogen drop. Perimenopause causes erratic periods, and dryness reflects atrophy, making this the key finding for targeted menopause education comprehensively and accurately here.
Choice D reason: Painless vaginal lumps suggest cysts or tumors, not menopause. These structural issues lack hormonal ties to estrogen decline, excluding them as menopause indicators needing education compared to bleeding and dryness fully here entirely.

Choice A reason: Angle closure glaucoma causes peripheral vision loss and pain from pressure, not central loss. This acute condition contrasts with the client’s central vision complaint, excluding it as the suspected diagnosis in this scenario entirely here.
Choice B reason: Presbyopia blurs near vision from lens stiffness, not central loss. This age-related change affects focus, not macular function, making it unrelated to the specific central vision impairment the client reports fully and accurately here.
Choice C reason: Macular degeneration degrades central vision via retinal damage, common in older adults. This matches the client’s loss, as the macula processes sharp central sight, making it the likely suspect for this visual complaint comprehensively here.
Choice D reason: Cataracts cause diffuse blurriness, not isolated central loss. Lens opacity scatters light broadly, differing from macular-specific damage, rendering this less likely than macular degeneration for the client’s central vision issue fully here.