A client has a patch test performed with the following results. Which of the following is the best response the nurse will offer the client regarding the observations from the test?

The test assesses for sun protection factor

The test is inconclusive

The presence of erythema indicates you are allergic to the allergen

The areas that did not turn red indicate low risk for skin cancer

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A Reason: The test does not assess for sun protection factor, but rather for contact dermatitis. Sun protection factor is a measure of how well a sunscreen protects the skin from ultraviolet radiation, which can cause sunburn and skin damage.

Choice B Reason: The test is not inconclusive, but rather positive for some allergens and negative for others. The test involves applying small patches of different substances to the skin and observing for any reactions after 48 hours.

Choice C Reason: This is the correct choice. The presence of erythema indicates you are allergic to the allergen, as it shows inflammation and irritation of the skin due to an immune response. Erythema is redness of the skin that can be accompanied by itching, swelling, or blisters.

Choice D Reason: The areas that did not turn red do not indicate low risk for skin cancer, but rather no reaction to the allergen. Skin cancer is a malignant growth of abnormal cells in the skin that can be caused by various factors, such as genetic mutations, exposure to carcinogens, or immunosuppression.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A Reason: This is the correct choice. Using the rule of nines, each arm accounts for 9 percent of TBSA, each leg accounts for 18 percent of TBSA, and front and back are equally divided. Therefore, burns on both sides of both arms and legs equal to (9 + 9) x 2 + (18 + 18) x 2 = 36 percent of TBSA.

Choice B Reason: This choice is incorrect. Using the rule of nines, burns on both sides of both arms and legs equal to 36 percent of TBSA, not 54 percent. To get 54 percent of TBSA, one would have to add burns on both sides of head and neck (9 percent), chest (9 percent), and abdomen (9 percent).

Choice C Reason: This choice is incorrect. Using the rule of nines, burns on both sides of both arms and legs equal to 36 percent of TBSA, not 27 percent. To get 27 percent of TBSA, one would have to subtract burns on both sides of one leg (18 percent).

Choice D Reason: This choice is incorrect. Using the rule of nines, burns on both sides of both arms and legs equal to 36 percent of TBSA, not 18 percent. To get 18 percent of TBSA, one would have to divide burns on both sides of both arms and legs by two.

Choice E Reason: This choice is incorrect. Using the rule of nines, burns on both sides of both arms and legs equal to 36 percent of TBSA, not 9 percent. To get 9 percent of TBSA, one would have to divide burns on both sides of both arms and legs by four.

A. Sweating and pallor B. Abdominal cramping and pain C. Double vision and chest pain D. Bradycardia and indigestion

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A Reason: Sweating and pallor are early signs and symptoms of dumping syndrome, which is a condition where food moves too quickly from the stomach to the small intestine, causing rapid fluid shifts and hormonal changes. Sweating and pallor are caused by hypoglycemia, which occurs when the high concentration of food in the small intestine stimulates insulin secretion.

Choice B Reason: Abdominal cramping and pain are late signs and symptoms of dumping syndrome, which occur about one to three hours after eating. Abdominal cramping and pain are caused by intestinal distension, spasms, and gas formation.

Choice C Reason: Double vision and chest pain are not signs and symptoms of dumping syndrome, but may indicate other serious conditions, such as stroke or heart attack. Double vision and chest pain should be reported to the provider immediately.

Choice D Reason: Bradycardia and indigestion are not signs and symptoms of dumping syndrome, but may be related to other gastrointestinal disorders, such as gastritis or peptic ulcer disease. Bradycardia and indigestion should be evaluated by the provider for further diagnosis and treatment.

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A client has a patch test performed with the following results. Which of the following is the best response the nurse will offer the client regarding the observations from the test?

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