A client has a past medical history of coronary artery disease and emphysema.
The nurse knows which agent is safest to give?
Oxygen at 6 liters per minute via nasal cannula.
Ipratropium via metered dose inhaler.
Propranolol by oral administration.
An organic herbal supplement.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Administering oxygen at 6 liters per minute via nasal cannula risks hypercapnia in a client with emphysema due to impaired CO2 elimination. Oxygen should be titrated to maintain safe saturation levels, usually 88–92%.
Choice B rationale
Ipratropium is a bronchodilator that safely alleviates airway constriction in emphysema without systemic cardiovascular effects, making it suitable for a client with coronary artery disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary conditions.
Choice C rationale
Propranolol is contraindicated in emphysema due to its beta-blocking effects, which may exacerbate bronchoconstriction and reduce respiratory function, posing a significant risk to the client’s health.
Choice D rationale
Organic herbal supplements lack evidence-based safety and efficacy, especially in complex medical conditions like coronary artery disease and emphysema. They can also interact adversely with prescribed medications.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet agent that prevents platelet aggregation but does not affect arrhythmias. It reduces clot formation risk, which is critical for patients with a history of TIA or stroke.
Choice B rationale
Clopidogrel does not lower blood pressure. It works by inhibiting platelet aggregation to prevent thrombus formation, not addressing the mechanisms of hypertension or blood pressure control.
Choice C rationale
Clopidogrel does not directly affect peripheral artery disease symptoms, such as leg pain. It is used to reduce the risk of thrombotic events like strokes and heart attacks by preventing platelet aggregation.
Choice D rationale
Clopidogrel inhibits platelet aggregation by blocking the ADP receptor on platelets, reducing the risk of clot formation. This is crucial for preventing ischemic events in patients with a history of TIA.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Susceptible host pertains to the individual's vulnerability to an infectious agent, but handwashing targets the mode of transmission rather than addressing susceptibility or the infectious agent directly.
Choice B rationale
Handwashing interrupts the mode of transmission, preventing pathogens from reaching a portal of entry. This action disrupts the chain of infection and reduces pathogen spread effectively.
Choice C rationale
The infectious agent and reservoir focus on pathogen origination rather than its transfer. Handwashing reduces spread but does not directly address pathogen survival within reservoirs.
Choice D rationale
Portal of exit involves the pathogen leaving the host's body, not its transfer. Handwashing reduces pathogen transmission, specifically addressing its ability to reach a new host.
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