A client diagnosed with type II diabetes controlled with a biguanide medication and a history of liver disease is scheduled for a computed tomography (CT) scan with contrast medium of the abdomen to evaluate pancreatic function.
Which intervention should the nurse implement?
Administer a laxative to cleanse the bowel before the CT scan.
Administer the biguanide medication as scheduled.
Advise the client to fast for 24 hours before the CT scan.
Ensure the client is adequately hydrated before the CT scan.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Administering a laxative is not necessary for a CT scan of the abdomen with contrast. Laxatives are typically used for bowel preparation for procedures like colonoscopies.
Choice B rationale
Biguanide medications such as metformin should be held before and after the administration of contrast medium to prevent lactic acidosis, particularly in clients with liver disease.
Choice C rationale
Fasting for 24 hours is not required before a CT scan with contrast medium. Typically, clients are asked to fast for a few hours prior to the procedure.
Choice D rationale
Ensuring the client is adequately hydrated helps to protect kidney function and reduce the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy. Hydration is especially important for clients with a history of liver disease.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) provides essential nutrients intravenously, allowing the bowel to rest and heal, which is important in the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
Choice B rationale
While reducing inflammation and controlling symptoms are important goals in IBD management, TPN is primarily used to provide nutrition and allow the bowel to rest.
Choice C rationale
Stimulating the bowel is not the purpose of TPN. TPN is used to give the digestive tract a break while ensuring the patient receives necessary nutrients.
Choice D rationale
Preventing malnutrition and promoting weight gain are secondary benefits of TPN, but the primary rationale is to provide nutrients while allowing the bowel to rest and heal.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Hypokalemia involves low potassium levels and is not treated with sodium polystyrene sulfonate. This drug is used to treat elevated potassium levels.
Choice B rationale
Hyperkalemia indicates high potassium levels in the blood. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) works by exchanging sodium ions for potassium ions in the intestines, thereby lowering blood potassium levels.
Choice C rationale
Hyponatremia, or low sodium levels, is not treated with sodium polystyrene sulfonate, which targets potassium removal.
Choice D rationale
Hypocalcemia refers to low calcium levels and is unrelated to the action of sodium polystyrene sulfonate, which addresses potassium imbalance.
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