A charge nurse is teaching a group of nurses about the purpose of a living will. Which of the following information about living wills should the charge nurse include in the teaching?
Provides protection against malpractice
Designates a health care surrogate to make health care decisions
Documents that the client gave informed consent
Allows the client to refuse life-sustaining treatments
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: A living will does not provide protection against malpractice. It is a legal document that expresses the client's wishes regarding medical care in the event of a terminal illness or injury.
Choice B reason: A living will does not designate a health care surrogate to make health care decisions. A health care surrogate is a person who is authorized by the client or the court to make health care decisions for the client when the client is unable to do so.
Choice C reason: A living will does not document that the client gave informed consent. Informed consent is the process of obtaining the client's voluntary agreement to a proposed treatment or procedure after providing adequate information about the benefits, risks, and alternatives.
Choice D reason: A living will allows the client to refuse life-sustaining treatments. This is the main purpose of a living will, as it gives the client the right to self-determination and autonomy over their own body and health.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: The client needs to have someone come in to help her bathe at home is not a data that supports a referral for a social worker, as it is a need for home health care or personal care assistance. The nurse should refer the client to a home health agency or a community resource that provides such services.
Choice B reason: The client needs to arrange financial resources to purchase equipment is a data that supports a referral for a social worker, as it is a need for financial assistance or counseling. The nurse should refer the client to a social worker who can help the client access available resources, such as insurance, grants, or loans, to cover the cost of the equipment.
Choice C reason: The client needs to have someone bring oxygen tanks and equipment to her home is not a data that supports a referral for a social worker, as it is a need for oxygen therapy or equipment delivery. The nurse should refer the client to a respiratory therapist or a durable medical equipment company that can provide the oxygen and the equipment.
Choice D reason: The client needs to have range-of-motion exercises to assist with ambulation is not a data that supports a referral for a social worker, as it is a need for physical therapy or rehabilitation. The nurse should refer the client to a physical therapist or a rehabilitation center that can provide the exercises and the guidance.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is not the correct choice because this assignment is not appropriate for a licensed practical nurse. A client who requires discharge instructions for type 1 diabetes mellitus needs education on self-care, medication administration, blood glucose monitoring, diet, and exercise. These are complex tasks that require the knowledge and skills of a registered nurse.
Choice B reason: This is the correct choice because this assignment is appropriate for a licensed practical nurse. A client who is 1 day postoperative and has a continuous bladder irrigation needs routine care, such as vital signs, wound assessment, fluid intake and output, and catheter care. These are basic tasks that can be performed by a licensed practical nurse under the supervision of a registered nurse.
Choice C reason: This is not the correct choice because this assignment is not appropriate for a licensed practical nurse. A client who requires a blood transfusion to be administered needs careful monitoring, such as checking for compatibility, verifying informed consent, observing for adverse reactions, and documenting the transfusion. These are advanced tasks that require the judgment and authority of a registered nurse.
Choice D reason: This is not the correct choice because this assignment is not appropriate for a licensed practical nurse. A client who is receiving IV chemotherapy needs specialized care, such as preparing and administering the medication, managing side effects, providing emotional support, and following safety precautions. These are specialized tasks that require the training and certification of a registered nurse.
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