A 65-year-old client with a history of diabetes mellitus was admitted to the hospital for a scheduled knee replacement surgery.

During the postoperative period, the client developed a surgical site infection that required prolonged antibiotic therapy and wound care.

This event is categorized as:

A never event.

A near miss.

An adverse event.

A sentinel event.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale
A never event refers to a particularly shocking medical error (such as wrong-site surgery) that should never occur. A surgical site infection, while unfortunate, does not fall into this category.
Choice B rationale
A near miss refers to an event that could have had adverse consequences but did not, either by chance or timely intervention. In this case, the client did experience an adverse consequence (the infection), so this term does not apply.
Choice C rationale
An adverse event is an injury caused by medical management rather than the underlying disease. In this case, the surgical site infection that developed after the knee replacement surgery can be considered an adverse event.
Choice D rationale
A sentinel event is a specific type of unexpected occurrence involving death or serious physical or psychological injury. While serious, a surgical site infection requiring prolonged antibiotic therapy and wound care does not typically fall into this category.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Muffled heart sounds are not a typical sign of pneumothorax. They are more commonly associated with conditions such as pericardial effusion or cardiac tamponade.
Choice B rationale
Sudden hemoptysis, or coughing up blood, is not a typical sign of pneumothorax. It is more commonly associated with conditions such as pulmonary embolism or lung cancer.
Choice C rationale
Absent breath sounds on the affected side is a typical sign of pneumothorax. When air enters the pleural space and causes the lung to collapse, breath sounds may be absent or significantly decreased on the affected side.
Choice D rationale
A declining respiratory rate is not a typical sign of pneumothorax. In fact, a rapid respiratory rate (tachypnea) is more commonly observed in pneumothorax due to the body’s attempt to compensate for the decreased lung capacity.

A. It decreases trapped oxygen in the alveoli. B. It promotes independent breathing efforts. C. It keeps the airways and small lung spaces open. D. It facilitates weaning off the mechanical ventilator.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
PEEP does not decrease trapped oxygen in the alveoli. Instead, it helps to increase the volume of gas remaining in the lungs at the end of expiration, which can improve oxygenation.
Choice B rationale
PEEP does not directly promote independent breathing efforts. It is a mode of mechanical ventilation used to support a patient’s breathing.
Choice C rationale
PEEP keeps the airways and small lung spaces open by increasing the pressure in the lungs at the end of expiration. This can prevent alveolar collapse and improve oxygenation in patients with conditions like ARDS23.
Choice D rationale
While PEEP can be used in the process of weaning a patient off mechanical ventilation, its primary benefit is not facilitating weaning. It is used to improve oxygenation and prevent alveolar collapse.

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A 65-year-old client with a history of diabetes mellitus was admitted to the hospital for a scheduled knee replacement surgery. During the postoperative period, the client developed a surgical site infection that required prolonged antibiotic therapy and wound care. This event is categorized as:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

During a central IV line insertion at the bedside, a client reports shortness of breath and becomes tachypneic. Which finding should a nurse suspect indicates the client developed a pneumothorax?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and being treated with positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP). How does PEEP benefit the client?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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A 65-year-old client with a history of diabetes mellitus was admitted to the hospital for a scheduled knee replacement surgery. During the postoperative period, the client developed a surgical site infection that required prolonged antibiotic therapy and wound care. This event is categorized as:

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A 65-year-old client with a history of diabetes mellitus was admitted to the hospital for a scheduled knee replacement surgery.

During the postoperative period, the client developed a surgical site infection that required prolonged antibiotic therapy and wound care.

This event is categorized as: