A 5-year-old child is experiencing diarrhea and the nurse is providing education to the parent about dietary changes. Which of the following foods should the parent avoid giving to the child during this time?

White rice

Applesauce

Fruit juice

Bananas

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. White rice is typically recommended during diarrhea as it is easy to digest and helps bind stools. It is part of the BRAT diet (bananas, rice, applesauce, toast), which is often advised during gastrointestinal upset.

B. Applesauce is also commonly recommended as part of the BRAT diet during diarrhea. It is gentle on the stomach and can help firm up stools.

C. Fruit juice should be avoided during diarrhea. It contains high levels of sugar and can worsen diarrhea by increasing the osmotic load in the intestines, potentially leading to more fluid loss.

D. Bananas are a good option during diarrhea as they are gentle on the stomach, provide potassium, and help bind stools. They are also part of the BRAT diet, which is often recommended for children with diarrhea.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The absolute neutrophil count (ANC) is the best indicator of a child's ability to fight infection. Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell crucial for fighting bacterial infections, and chemotherapy can suppress bone marrow production of neutrophils. The ANC helps assess the risk for infection and the need for additional precautions, such as infection control.

B. Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell that primarily respond to allergies and parasitic infections, and their count is not used to assess infection risk in chemotherapy patients.

C. The red blood cell count (RBC) is important for assessing oxygen-carrying capacity but does not directly relate to infection-fighting ability.

D. Hemoglobin (Hgb) reflects the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood, not the body's ability to fight infection.

A. Ensure the child is placed on droplet precautions. B. Encouraging the child to drink plenty of fluids. C. Administering intravenous antibiotics as prescribed. D. Providing comfort measures such as dimming the lights. E. Prepare the child for a CT scan of the head.

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

A. Ensure the child is placed on droplet precautions is the priority because bacterial meningitis is highly contagious. Droplet precautions help prevent the spread of the infection to others in the hospital.

B. Encouraging the child to drink plenty of fluids is not the priority in the acute phase of meningitis, as increased fluid intake may not be appropriate, especially if there is elevated intracranial pressure or vomiting. Fluid management should be carefully monitored by the healthcare team.

C. Administering intravenous antibiotics is crucial because bacterial meningitis requires prompt treatment with antibiotics to prevent complications and reduce mortality.

D. Providing comfort measures such as dimming the lights is important because the child may be sensitive to light, noise, and stimuli. A calm, quiet environment can help reduce discomfort and manage symptoms like headache and photophobia.

E. Preparing the child for a CT scan of the head might be indicated if there are signs of increased intracranial pressure, but it is not the immediate priority. Initial treatment with antibiotics and managing the environment are higher priorities.

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A 5-year-old child is experiencing diarrhea and the nurse is providing education to the parent about dietary changes. Which of the following foods should the parent avoid giving to the child during this time?

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Correct Answer is A

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A 5-year-old child is experiencing diarrhea and the nurse is providing education to the parent about dietary changes. Which of the following foods should the parent avoid giving to the child during this time?