A 46-year-old woman who was diagnosed with an upper respiratory infection yesterday and prescribed an antibiotic presents to the ED reporting. "l just don't feel right." The client has a history of diabetes mellitus type 2, hypertension, peripheral neuropathy, vascular disease, and retinopathy. On admission to a medical-surgical unit, the nurse implements a plan of care to prevent complications and maintain client safety while in the hospital.
Indicate which nursing action is appropriate to prevent complications of diabetes mellitus and maintain client safety while in the hospital.
Administer angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor as prescribed.
Administer intravenous 5%D/NS at 200 mL/hr.
Administer I mg glucagon 1M PRN for blood glucose 70-90 mg/dL (3.9-5.0 mmol/L).
Ensure the path to the bathroom is well-lit.
Teach the client to rise slowly from the bed.
Coordinate meal-time insulin with food delivery and consumption.
Correct Answer : D,F,G
Option A is incorrect because administering an ACE inhibitor may be a part of the patient's regular medication regimen, but it is not specific to preventing complications of diabetes mellitus while in the hospital.
Option b is incorrect because administering intravenous fluids at a high rate may result in fluid overload, electrolyte imbalances, and other complications, which may not be appropriate for this patient.
Option c is incorrect because administering glucagon is not a preventative measure, but rather an intervention for treating hypoglycemia.
Option d is correct because ensuring a well-lit path to the bathroom is important for fall prevention, but it does not directly address the prevention of complications of diabetes mellitus.
Option e is incorrect because encouraging the client to drink sugar-free liquids is a general recommendation for maintaining hydration and may not be specific to preventing complications of diabetes mellitus.
Option f is correct because teaching the client to rise slowly from the bed is important for preventing orthostatic hypotension, but it does not directly address the prevention of complications of diabetes mellitus.
Option g is correct because Patients with diabetes mellitus are at risk for hypoglycemia when taking insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents. Proper coordination of meal-time insulin with food delivery and consumption can help prevent hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. This includes ensuring that the patient receives insulin at the appropriate time in relation to meals and monitoring blood glucose levels regularly.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Demeclocycline is a tetracycline antibiotic that can be used to treat SIADH, a condition characterized by excessive water retention and a decrease in urinary output. Demeclocycline blocks the action of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which can help increase urinary output and decrease water retention in patients with SIADH. Therefore, an increase in urinary output would indicate that demeclocycline is effective in treating the patient's SIADH. Options a, b, and c are incorrect because they do not directly relate to the mechanism of action of demeclocycline in treating SIADH.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]
Explanation
Use of a portable blood glucose monitor: The patient should be taught how to use a portable blood glucose monitor to check their blood glucose levels at home. This will help the patient monitor their blood glucose levels and adjust their insulin dose as necessary.
Hypoglycemia prevention, symptoms, and treatment: The patient should be taught about the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia (low blood glucose levels) and how to treat it. This includes teaching the patient to consume 15-20 grams of fast-acting carbohydrates such as glucose tablets or juice when experiencing hypoglycemia.
Insulin administration: The patient should be taught how to administer insulin, including the timing of injections and rotating injection sites. The patient should also be educated about the importance of taking insulin regularly and the potential consequences of missed doses.
Diet: The patient should be educated about healthy eating habits that include monitoring carbohydrate intake, eating regular meals, and spacing carbohydrates throughout the day. The patient does not need to eliminate sugar entirely from their diet, but rather to consume it in moderation and balance it with other food groups.
Physical activity: The patient should be encouraged to engage in regular physical activity but may need to adjust their insulin dose or carbohydrate intake to accommodate for the changes in blood glucose levels that may result from physical activity. Reducing physical activity is not necessary, but rather adjusting to it properly with proper monitoring of glucose levels.
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