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A 3-year-old with bacterial pneumonia is crying and says it hurts when he coughs. The nurse would teach the child to do which of the following?

Hug his teddy bear when he coughs

Blow bubbles to prevent coughing episodes

Take a sip of apple juice before coughing

Ask for codeine cough syrup when he coughs

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

a) Hug his teddy bear when he coughs: Splinting the chest while coughing can reduce discomfort.

b) Blow bubbles to prevent coughing episodes: Not effective for reducing cough-induced pain.

c) Take a sip of apple juice before coughing: Drinking before coughing may not significantly alleviate the discomfort.

d) Ask for codeine cough syrup when he coughs: Medication should be given based on medical advice and prescription, not as a self-request by a child.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Do not report any pause in respiration unless it's greater than 20 seconds.Any pause in respiration can be significant in neonates. A pause in breathing, even if less than 20 seconds, should be reported, as it could indicate a potential problem. This option downplays the importance of monitoring respiratory patterns.

B. Report any neonate with nasal flaring.Nasal flaring in a neonate is a sign of respiratory distress. This instruction is essential because nasal flaring indicates the infant is working harder to breathe and may require further evaluation and intervention.

C. Report any pause in respiration greater than 10 seconds.While this is important, nasal flaring is a more immediate and visible sign of respiratory distress that should be reported.

D. Report any respiratory rate of 40 or greater.A respiratory rate of 40 breaths per minute is within the normal range for neonates. Reporting a normal rate would not be necessary and could create unnecessary concern.

A. Red, currant, jelly-like stools B. Absent bowel sounds C. Hematemesis D. Bilious emesis

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

a) Red, currant, jelly-like stools: This is a classic indication of intussusception due to the presence of blood and mucus in the stool, a result of intestinal obstruction and ischemia.

b) Absent bowel sounds: Can occur but are not specific to intussusception.

c) Hematemesis: Vomiting blood is not a characteristic sign of intussusception.

d) Bilious emesis: While indicative of gastrointestinal issues, it's not the cardinal sign of intussusception.

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A 3-year-old with bacterial pneumonia is crying and says it hurts when he coughs. The nurse would teach the child to do which of the following?

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