A 13-year-old client has a mole removed by a plastic surgeon. The benefits & risks of the procedure were explained to the client's legal guardian but there is no documentation in the client's medical record. An attorney contacts the plastic surgeon & the nurse who assisted in the procedure because the client's family wants to sue on the grounds of.

battery

injury

failure to follow the standard of care

slander

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

In this scenario, the lack of documentation regarding the explanation of the benefits and risks of the procedure in the client's medical record could be interpreted as a failure to follow the standard of care. Option C is the most appropriate choice for the grounds on which the family might sue:

C. Failure to follow the standard of care:

Healthcare providers are expected to adhere to a standard of care, which includes adequately informing patients or their legal guardians about the benefits, risks, and alternatives of medical procedures. Failure to document informed consent discussions and obtain signed consent forms may be considered a breach of the standard of care. Without proper documentation, it becomes challenging to prove that the healthcare providers fulfilled their duty to obtain informed consent and adequately inform the patient or legal guardian about the procedure's risks and benefits. The absence of documentation may suggest negligence or a lack of thoroughness in the healthcare provider's practice, which could serve as grounds for a lawsuit.

A. Battery:

Battery refers to the intentional and unauthorized touching of another person, which includes performing a medical procedure without obtaining informed consent. While the lack of documentation may suggest a failure to obtain proper consent, it does not necessarily imply intentional wrongdoing or a deliberate act of touching without consent (battery).

B. Injury:

While the client may have experienced an injury if complications arose from the procedure, the focus of the scenario is on the absence of documentation regarding informed consent rather than the occurrence of an injury itself. The grounds for a lawsuit are related to the failure to follow the standard of care in obtaining informed consent rather than the presence of an injury.

D. Slander:

Slander involves making false and damaging statements about someone that harm their reputation. The lack of documentation regarding informed consent does not relate to slander, as it does not involve making false statements but rather the failure to document discussions and obtain consent properly.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Cultural assessment: A cultural assessment involves gathering information about the client's cultural background, beliefs, practices, and preferences to provide culturally sensitive care. While the decision to donate organs may be influenced by cultural factors, assisting the client with alternatives, examining pros and cons, and eliciting feelings about the decision are not specifically related to conducting a cultural assessment.

B. Selecting treatment: Assisting the client with selecting treatment involves discussing various treatment options and helping the client make informed decisions about their healthcare. While organ donation may be considered a treatment option in some contexts, the scenario described focuses more on helping the client clarify their values and make a decision about organ donation rather than selecting treatment for a specific health condition.

C. Values clarification: This is the correct option. Values clarification involves helping individuals explore and understand their personal values, beliefs, and preferences to make decisions that align with their values. In this scenario, the nurse is assisting the client with exploring the decision to donate organs by facilitating a process of examining alternatives, considering the pros and cons, and eliciting the client's feelings about organ donation. This approach helps the client clarify their values related to organ donation and make an informed decision based on their personal beliefs and preferences.

D. Defining religious beliefs: While religious beliefs may influence an individual's decision about organ donation, the nurse's role in this scenario is broader and focuses on helping the client clarify their values and make a decision about organ donation based on their personal beliefs and preferences. The nurse may address religious beliefs as part of the values clarification process but is primarily assisting the client in exploring their overall values and feelings about organ donation.

A. chronic B. visceral C. intractable D. neuropathic E. cutaneous

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

A. Chronic:

Chronic pain is characterized by pain that persists beyond the expected time for tissue healing, typically lasting for more than 3 to 6 months.

In this scenario, the client's pain has been present for 1 year, indicating a prolonged duration consistent with chronic pain.

Documenting the pain as chronic provides important information about the nature and duration of the client's pain experience.

C. Intractable:

Intractable pain refers to pain that is difficult to manage or control despite various treatment modalities.

The client's report of intense, sharp pain persisting at a high level (rated 9 out of 10) despite opioid analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and acupuncture suggests that the pain is intractable.

Documenting the pain as intractable highlights the challenges associated with managing the client's pain and the need for additional interventions or referral to specialized pain management services.

D. Neuropathic:

Neuropathic pain arises from damage or dysfunction of the nervous system and is often described as sharp, shooting, burning, or like an electric shock.

The client's description of their leg pain as "an intense sharp quality 'like an electric shock'" is consistent with neuropathic pain.

Documenting the pain as neuropathic helps identify the underlying pathophysiology of the pain and guides appropriate treatment strategies targeting neuropathic pain mechanisms.

B. Visceral:

Visceral pain originates from internal organs and is typically described as deep, dull, or cramping.

While the pain in this scenario is associated with spinal nerve injury, which can involve visceral pain pathways, the client's description of the pain as sharp and electric shock-like is more indicative of neuropathic pain rather than visceral pain.

Therefore, visceral pain may not be an appropriate descriptor for the client's pain experience in this case.

E. Cutaneous:

Cutaneous pain arises from the skin or subcutaneous tissues and is often described as superficial, sharp, or burning.

While the client's leg pain may involve cutaneous innervation, the description provided ("like an electric shock") suggests involvement of deeper structures and neuropathic pain mechanisms rather than purely cutaneous pain.

Therefore, cutaneous pain may not fully capture the nature of the client's pain experience in this scenario.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The client is struggling with the decision to donate organs after death. The nurse assists the client to list alternatives, examine the "pros" and "cons" and elicits the client's feelings about the decision. The nurse is assisting this client with:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

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The nurse understands that how a client feels on the inside about being male, female, both or neither is known as:

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