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Causes and Risk Factors: Fibrocystic Breast Changes, Breast Cancer

  • Fibrocystic Breast Changes:

    • Hormonal imbalances

    • History of breast trauma or surgery

    • Family history of fibrocystic breast changes

    • Age (common in women between 20-50 years)

    • Excessive caffeine intake

  • Breast Cancer:

    • Genetic mutations (BRCA1, BRCA2)

    • Age (risk increases with age)

    • Family history of breast cancer

    • Previous history of breast cancer or benign breast conditions

    • Hormonal factors (early menstruation, late menopause, hormone replacement therapy)

    • Obesity

    • Alcohol consumption

Questions on Causes and Risk Factors: Fibrocystic Breast Changes, Breast Cancer

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Hormonal imbalances and a history of breast trauma are potential risk factors. This statement is correct. Fibrocystic breast changes are primarily associated with hormonal fluctuations, and factors such as hormonal imbalances and a history of breast trauma can contribute to the development of these changes. Hormonal fluctuations can lead to the formation of cysts and breast tissue changes.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A family history of breast cancer can be relevant to the client's current condition. This statement is incorrect. A family history of breast cancer is indeed relevant to the client's current condition. A family history of breast cancer can increase an individual's risk of developing the disease, as it may indicate a genetic predisposition or shared environmental factors that contribute to breast cancer risk.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]

Explanation

History of breast trauma or surgery is consistent with fibrocystic breast changes. Trauma to the breast or previous breast surgeries can contribute to the development of fibrocystic changes in breast tissue. These changes may manifest as lumps or discomfort in the breast.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

"Genetic mutations have no role in breast cancer development." This statement is incorrect. Genetic mutations can play a significant role in the development of breast cancer. Some individuals may inherit mutations in specific genes like BRCA1 and BRCA2, which increase their risk of developing breast cancer. Additionally, acquired mutations in breast cells can also contribute to the development of the disease.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

"Hormonal factors like early menstruation have no influence on prevention." This statement is incorrect. Hormonal factors, such as early menstruation and late menopause, can influence breast cancer risk. Early menstruation exposes the breast tissue to hormones for a longer period, which can slightly increase the risk of breast cancer. Therefore, hormonal factors do have an influence on prevention strategies.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

"My nipple is retracted and inverted." Nipple retraction and inversion are not typically associated with fibrocystic breast changes. These symptoms can be indicative of other breast conditions, such as breast cancer or ductal ectasia. In fibrocystic changes, the main manifestations are breast pain, tenderness, and palpable breast masses.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A retracted and inverted nipple is a significant clinical manifestation of breast cancer. It often indicates the presence of a mass or tumor pulling on the tissues of the breast, leading to the nipple's distortion. This is a classic sign that warrants further evaluation and investigation, making choice D the correct answer.

Correct Answer is ["A","B"]

Explanation

Administering HER2 inhibitors is not relevant to the management of fibrocystic breast changes. HER2 inhibitors are medications used in the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer, which is a distinct condition from fibrocystic changes.

Evaluation of emotional support needs is essential in providing comprehensive care to clients with breast pathology, but it should not be the top priority during the initial physical examination. Assessing the physical aspects of the condition, including potential signs of malignancy, should come fi

Biopsy is another important diagnostic procedure for breast disorders. It involves the removal of a small sample of breast tissue for laboratory analysis. A biopsy can confirm the presence of breast cancer and provide information about its type and grade. It is often performed when a suspicious area

Breast self-exams are not unnecessary if you have no family history of breast cancer. Every woman should perform regular breast self-exams regardless of family history. Breast cancer can occur in individuals without a family history of the disease, and early detection through self-exams is crucial f

"Consume caffeine in moderation" is the correct advice for individuals with fibrocystic breast changes. Caffeine intake has been associated with increased breast tenderness and discomfort in some people. Reducing caffeine consumption can help alleviate breast pain for those affected by fibrocystic c

Avoiding clinical breast examinations is not a recommended lifestyle modification to prevent breast disorders. Clinical breast examinations are an important part of breast health maintenance because they allow for early detection of abnormalities, including breast cancer. Regular breast exams, eithe

Metastasis to distant organs is another potential concern that the nurse should explain to the client. Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the primary tumor to other parts of the body. Breast cancer has the potential to metastasize to distant organs such as the lungs, liver, bones, or brai

Collecting a family history of diabetes is not a priority in the assessment of a patient with breast disorders. While family history is important in assessing the risk of certain medical conditions, such as breast cancer, diabetes, and other health issues, it is more relevant to inquire about a fami
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