While assessing the mouth of a patient the nurse inspects and documents small, round, white painful lesions on the oral mucosa. Which finding is consistent with this manifestation?

Oral Candidiasis

Thrush

Hepatic Disease

Aphthous Ulcers

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A) Oral Candidiasis: Oral candidiasis, also known as a yeast infection or thrush, typically presents as white patches or plaques on the mucosa, especially on the tongue, inner cheeks, and roof of the mouth. These lesions are not usually painful unless they become irritated or infected. They are different from aphthous ulcers, which are small, round, and painful sores that occur on the mucous membranes of the mouth.

B) Thrush: Thrush is another term for oral candidiasis, caused by the overgrowth of Candida albicans. As with oral candidiasis, thrush typically presents as white lesions or patches rather than painful, round, white lesions like those seen in aphthous ulcers. These lesions can often be scraped off, which distinguishes them from the painful lesions associated with aphthous ulcers.

C) Hepatic Disease: Hepatic disease can cause various symptoms such as jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), dark urine, and abdominal discomfort, but it does not specifically lead to small, round, white painful lesions in the mouth. The lesions described in the question are more characteristic of aphthous ulcers rather than a systemic condition like hepatic disease.
D) Aphthous Ulcers: Aphthous ulcers, also known as canker sores, are small, round, painful lesions that commonly appear on the oral mucosa. These sores are typically white or yellow with a red border and are known to be painful, particularly when eating or talking. This condition is the most consistent with the symptoms described in the question, including the size, shape, and pain associated with the lesions.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) 3+: A 3+ tonsil grading indicates that the tonsils are enlarged and occupy more than 75% of the lateral dimension of the oropharynx. The description provided in the question indicates that the tonsils occupy more than 50% but less than 75% of the space, so a 3+ grade is too large to match this description.

B) 2+: A 2+ tonsil grading indicates that the tonsils are enlarged and occupy between 50% and 75% of the lateral dimension of the oropharynx. This matches the description in the question, where the tonsils are smooth, pink, and occupy more than 50% but less than 75% of the space.

C) 1+: A 1+ tonsil grading refers to tonsils that are small and occupy less than 25% of the lateral dimension of the oropharynx. This would not be consistent with the findings described in the question, where the tonsils are larger and occupy a greater proportion of the oropharynx.

D) 4+: A 4+ tonsil grading indicates that the tonsils are extremely enlarged and occupy more than 75% of the lateral dimension of the oropharynx. This would be a much larger size than described in the question. Therefore, a 4+ grading is not appropriate here.

A. cataracts B. miosis C. astigmatism D. mydriasis

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) Cataracts: Cataracts are a condition where the lens of the eye becomes cloudy, leading to blurred vision. While cataracts can impact vision, they do not cause fixed, dilated pupils. Cataracts would typically affect the clarity of vision rather than pupil size and response.

B) Miosis: Miosis refers to constricted pupils that are smaller than normal, typically less than 2 mm in size. The finding described in the question (fixed and 7 mm) is the opposite of miosis, which would indicate excessively small pupils.

C) Astigmatism: Astigmatism is a refractive error caused by an irregular shape of the cornea or lens, resulting in blurry vision. It is unrelated to the size or responsiveness of the pupils and does not cause fixed or dilated pupils, making it an inappropriate choice for this finding.

D) Mydriasis: Mydriasis refers to the dilation of the pupils, typically greater than 6 mm in size. When the pupils are fixed and dilated (7 mm, as described), this condition is termed mydriasis. It can occur due to various factors such as certain medications, trauma, or neurological issues. The nurse should document this finding as mydriasis and notify the healthcare provider for further assessment.

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While assessing the mouth of a patient the nurse inspects and documents small, round, white painful lesions on the oral mucosa. Which finding is consistent with this manifestation?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a patient's mouth and identifies the tonsiis as smooth pink and occupying more than 50% but less than 75% of the lateral dimension of the oropharynx. What grade for the tonsils should the nurse document?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is performing an eye assessment on a client and while inspecting the eyes the pupils are noted to be fixed and 7 mm in size. How should the nurse document this finding?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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