Which topic would the nurse include when teaching the patient ways to prevent the recurrence of kidney stones?

Choice A rationale

Contact isolation prevents the transmission of Clostridium difficile spores, a significant source of nosocomial infections. Private rooms reduce cross-contamination risks.

Choice B rationale

Antidiarrheal use is contraindicated in Clostridium difficile infection as it may worsen colitis by retaining toxins. Prompt stool elimination is vital.

Choice C rationale

Antibiotics are used to treat Clostridium difficile but educating the patient about antibiotic cessation is inappropriate as their use is essential for infection control.

Choice D rationale

Stool softeners are unnecessary since diarrhea is already present, and further softening may exacerbate fluid and electrolyte loss.

Choice A rationale

Insulin glargine (Lantus) is a long-acting insulin used for basal glycemic control in diabetic patients. It has a slow onset and a steady release over approximately 24 hours, mimicking natural insulin secretion to stabilize blood glucose levels and prevent fluctuations.

Choice B rationale

Rapid-acting insulins, such as insulin lispro or aspart, have fast onsets and short durations to manage postprandial glucose spikes. Insulin glargine does not have these properties, as it is used for long-term basal control rather than immediate blood sugar regulation.

Choice C rationale

Intermediate-acting insulins like NPH have a shorter duration and peak effect compared to long-acting insulins. Insulin glargine provides a consistent effect over 24 hours, distinguishing it from intermediate-acting options.

Choice D rationale

Short-acting insulins are designed for pre-meal blood sugar control with a quick onset and limited duration. Insulin glargine does not fit this description due to its long-acting properties.