Which statement about fetal circulation is true?

Fetal circulation is no longer effective at birth.

Fetal circulation continues until red blood cells are broken down.

Fetal circulation continues until after the stress of labor.

Fetal circulation continues until adulthood.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Fetal circulation continues until after the stress of labor.

Choice A rationale:

Fetal circulation undergoes significant changes at birth. It becomes ineffective as the transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life occurs. The foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus, which allow blood to bypass certain fetal circulatory pathways, close as the baby breathes for the first time.

Choice B rationale:

Fetal circulation does not continue until red blood cells are broken down. Red blood cells in a fetus have a shorter lifespan than those in adults and are continually replaced throughout gestation. However, their breakdown is not the reason for the changes in fetal circulation.

Choice C rationale:

The correct answer. Fetal circulation continues until after the stress of labor. During labor, the baby experiences increased stress and pressure, which helps trigger various physiological changes, including the closure of specific fetal circulatory shunts.

Choice D rationale:

Fetal circulation does not continue until adulthood. As mentioned earlier, the transition from fetal to adult circulation occurs during and after birth, with the closure of specific fetal shunts and the establishment of a fully functional adult circulatory system.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Applying crushed cabbage leaves to the breasts can be a traditional remedy to help reduce swelling and discomfort associated with engorgement.

Choice B rationale:

Wearing a snug-fitting bra can help provide support to the breasts and reduce discomfort from breast engorgement. It can also help to avoid stimulation of the breasts, which can decrease milk production in a client who is not breastfeeding. This is an appropriate comfort measure for the client.

Choice C rationale:

Stimulating the nipples by squeezing softly can lead to increased milk production and exacerbate breast engorgement. For a client who is not breastfeeding, this action is not recommended and may worsen the engorgement.

Choice D rationale:

Applying ice packs to the breasts can help reduce inflammation and alleviate discomfort from breast engorgement. This is an appropriate comfort measure for the client who is not breastfeeding.

A. "This is a Mongolian spot, which is found on many newborns.". B. "This is a caput succedaneum, which is a collection of fluid from pressure of the vacuum extractor.". C. "This is erythema toxicum, which is a transient allergic reaction that causes edema in the skin.". D. "This is a cephalhematoma, which will resolve on its own in 3 to 5 days.".

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

"This is a caput succedaneum, which is a collection of fluid from the pressure of the vacuum extractor.”.

Choice A rationale:

A Mongolian spot is a benign, flat, bluish-gray pigmented area often found on the sacral or gluteal area of some newborns with darker skin tones. It is not related to the swelling on the newborn's head caused by vacuum extraction.

Choice B rationale:

A caput succedaneum is a localized swelling on the baby's scalp that occurs due to pressure from the vacuum extractor during delivery. It is typically soft and may cross the suture lines. This explanation accurately describes the swelling the baby has on his head.

Choice C rationale:

Erythema toxicum is a common rash that appears as small red bumps with white or yellow centers. It is a benign and self-resolving condition that does not cause swelling on the head or involve the suture lines.

Choice D rationale:

A cephalhematoma is a collection of blood between the skull and the periosteum that does not cross the suture lines. It is caused by trauma during birth and may take weeks to months to resolve. This does not match the description of the swelling caused by vacuum extraction.

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Which statement about fetal circulation is true?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reinforcing teaching about comfort measures for breast engorgement with a client who is postpartum and is bottle-feeding her newborn. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a newborn who was delivered by vacuum extraction and has swelling on his head that crosses the suture line. The newborn's mother asks about the swelling on her newborn's head. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The medical term for the soft spot is called fontanelle.

A nurse is collecting data about reflexes from a newborn. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to elicit the newborn's Moro reflex?

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is postpartum about bathing her newborn. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

A nurse is collecting data from a newborn 1 hr after delivery. Which of the following respiratory rates is within the expected reference range for a newborn?

The nurse admits a newborn to the admission nursery and prepares to bathe the baby for the first time after assessing which of the following?

The nurse enters the room and notices that the room feels cold. The mother says, "He has been crying and kicking and now he seems very tired.”. What is the nurse's priority concern?

A nurse is caring for several newborn clients. For which of the following findings should the nurse notify the charge nurse?